Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/460

CAKEMORE. town. Those are the only towns in the county. There are several villages, chiefly fishing stations. Some of the inhabitants still speak Gaelic. Caithness returns one member to the imperial parliament, and Wick unties with Cromarty, Dornoch, Dingwall Tain, and Kirkwall in returning one. Until the parsing of the Reform Bill in 1832, this county returned a represntative to parliament alternately with Buteshire. The sheriff court for the county and the commissary are held at Wick every Thursday during the session. (Quarter sessions ore held at Wick and Thurso, and small debt courts at Wick, Thurso, and Lybster. Population in 1851, 38,709; in 1861, 41,216. No important manufactures are carried on in the county.—The antiquities consist of the remains of castles, which are numerous along the coasts. One of the most remarkable ruins is Braal Castle, supposed to have been an episcopal residence, or a seat of the earls of Caithness. It is near Halkirk, on Thurso Water. There are stone circles at Bower and Steinster Loch. The rude structures called Picts' Houses are found in various places.—Barrogill Castle, on the coast of the Pentland Frith, is an old seat of the Sinclairs, earls of Caithness. The other principal seats are Watten, the residence of Sir E. A. Anstruther, Bart.; Thurso Castle, of Sir G. Sinclair, Bart. ; Barrock, of Sir J. Sinclair, Bart. ; Ackergill, of Sir G. Dunbar, Bart. ; Castle Hill, of G. Trail], Esq., M.P., besides Hempriggs, Toftengall, Lang-well, &c. The chief roads run from Wick along the coast, northward to Houna Ferry, and thence to Thurso; and southward to Lybster, Berridale Castle, Hehnsdalc, &c. There are also roads direct from Wick to Thurso and Castletown. Steamboats ply regularly between Wick and the Forth twice a week, and between Thurso and the Forth weekly through the summer.

CAKEMORE, a tnshp. in the par. of Hales Owen, formerly in the hund. of Brimstree, in the co. of Salop, but now in the hund. of Halfshire, in the co. of Worcester, not far from Hales Owen.

CALARY, a par. in the bars, of Newcastle, Rathdown, and Ballinacor, in the co. of Wicklow, prov. of Leinster, Ireland, 4 miles to the W. of Newtown-Mount-Kennedy. It lies in a mountainous district, near the source of the river Liffey. There is a large tract of bog, and the surface rises at Douce Mountain to the height of 2,384 feet. Calary, which extends over an area of 19,684 acres, was made a separate parish in 1831. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Dublin, Glendalagh, and Kildare, val. 33, in the patrrn. of the incumbents of the four contiguous parishes. The church, erected in 1834, is in the perpendicular style, with an embattled and pinnacled tower. There is much striking scenery, and fine prospects are obtained from several points in the neighbourhood. The chief residences are Luggela and Tithower.

CALBECK-HALTCLIFF, a tnshp. in the par. of Caldbeck, ward of Allerdale-below-Derwent, in the co. of Cumberland, 3 miles to the 8. of Heskot-Newmarket.

CALBOURNE, a par. in the lib. of West Medina, Isle of Wight, in the co. of Southampton, 6 miles to the 8.W. of Newport. It includes the chplry. and borough of Newtown, situated on the N. coast. 'The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Winchester, val. with the cur. of Newtown, 464, in the patron, of the bishop of The church, which is in the early English style, is dedicated to All Saints, and contains an old monument with a brass of a knight who died in 1480. Near the village is Weetover House, formerly the seat of the Holmes family. The bishops of Winchester, who formerly held the manor of Calbourne, had a seat at Swainston, 2 miles to the N.E., from which there is a good view over the western part of the island, the Solent, and the coast of Hampshire.

CALCEBY, a par. in the Marsh div. of the hund. of Calceworth, parts of Lindsey, in co. of Lincoln, 5 miles to the. W. of Alford, which is a station on the Great Northern railway. The living is vic., united with the rect. of South Ormsby in the dioc. of Lincoln. The church is dedicated to St. Andrew.

CALCETHORPE, a par. in the Wold div. of the hund. of Louth-Eske, parts of Lindsey, in the co. of Lincoln. 6 miles to the W. of Louth, which is a station on the Great Northern railway. The living is a sinecure rect. in the dioc. of Lincoln, and in the patron of the lord chancellor. The church, dedicated to St Faith, is decayed.

CALCEWORTH HUNDRED, one of the 18 sub-divisions of the parts of Lindsay, in the co. of Lincoln situated in the northern parliamentary div. of the co., and bounded on the N.W. by the hund. of Louth-Eske, on the E. by the German Ocean, on the S. by the wap. of Candleshoe, and on the W. by the hund. of Hill. It is in twodivs. The Marsh div. contains the pars, of Aby, Anderby, Bellcau, Caleeby, Little Cawthorpe, Cumbcrworth, Gayton-le-Marsh, Hogsthorpe, Huttoft, Legbonrne, Mablethorpe St. Mary, Maplethorpe St. Peter, .Mumby, South Reston, Sutton-in-the-Marsh, Swaby, Theddlethorpe All Saints, Theddlethorpe St. Helen, South Thoresby, Tothill, and Trusthorpe, with the ext. par. lib. of Haugh. This div. comprises about 33,000 acres. The Wold div. contains the pars. of Alford, Beesby-in-the-Marsh, Bilsby, Claxby, Farlsthorpe, Hannah, Maltby-le-Marsh, Markby, Rigsby, Saleby, Strubby, Ulceby, Well, Willoughby, and Withern. This div. extends over an area of about 25,600 acres.

CALCOT, a tnshp. in tho par. of Holywell, hund. of Coleshill, in the co. of Flint, North Wales, 2 miles to  the S.W. of Holywell. It is near the river Dee and the Chester and Holyhead railway.

CALCOTT, a tnshp. in the par. of St. Chad, in borough of Shrewsbury, co. of Salop, 3 miles to the N.W. of Shrewsbury. It is near the Shrewsbury and Chester railway, and is a joint tnshp. with Bicton.

CALCUTT, a hmlt. in the par. of Lower Heyford hund. of Ploughley, in the co. of Oxford, 5 miles to the W. of Bicester. It is near the Oxford and Birmingham section of the Great Western railway.

CALCUTT, a hmlt. in the par. of Grandborough hund. of Knightlow, in the co. of Warwick, 5 miles to the N.E. of Southam.

CALDBECK, a par. in the ward of Allerdale-below Derwent, in the co. of Cumberland, 6 miles S. of Curthwaite, and 8 miles to the S.E. of Wigton, which are both stations on the Carlisle and Maryport railway The parish, which is 14 miles from Carlisle is situated in a wild and mountainous country, on the river Caldew and contains the tnshps., or graves, of High Caldbeck, Low Caldbeck, Caldbeck-Haltcliff, and Mosedale, and the small market town of Hesket-Newmarket, It was the site of a hospital for travellers, founded soon after the Conquest by Ranulph d'Engaine, chief forester of Inglewood. The manor was anciently held by the Lucys, Percys, and Whartons. Only a small part of the parish is under tillage, the rest consisting cheiefly of moors and sheepwalks. High Pike is the loftiest hill rising to the height of about 2,000 feet coal, lime-stone, lead, copper, and other minerals are found and worked here; and some of the inhabitants are employed in the manufacture of woollens and ginghams. Paper making, dyeing, and fulling are also carried on to a small extent. There are a a manufactory for blankets and small brewery. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. Carlisle, val. £540, in the Patrom. of the Bishop. The church, which is at Low Caldbeck, is Dedicated to St. Kentigern. It is a very ancient structure having been founded in 1112, but its original aspect is effaced modern alterations. The rectory house is a fine building with a hall 16 feet wide by 32 feet long; it is supposed to be the old hall of the ancicet hospital of Caldbeck. The rector is lord of the manor of Kirkland. There is a chapel belonging to the Wesleyans, and a meeting house of the Society of Friends, one of the oldest in the country. George Fox, the founder of the society once lived at Woodhall in this parish. The parochial charities amount to £8 a year. Near the village the river Caldew runs through a fine glen, called the Howk, passing under a natural arch of rock, and