Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/451

Rh I3TJXTON. 441 BYKER. steep rocks, wild chasms, wooded hills, with various and wide prospects. The cutting for the new line of rail- ' way is a very wonderful work, both on account of its tunnels and the height at which it has to be carried across roads and valleys at several points. Among the favourite places of resort arc Ashwood Dale, in which is the rock called the Lover's Leap ; Shirbrook Dale, a j fissure in the rock with a small cascade ; Diamond Hill, so called from the crystals of quartz, or Buxton dia- monds, found there ; Chco Tor, a huge limestone rock, rising about 350 feet high, from the bed of the AVye, which washes its base ; Axedge, 3 miles to the S.AV. of Buxton, rising to the height of about 1,800 feet above the level of the sea, and commanding a prospect of very great extent, embracing the mountains of North Wales to the westward, and Lincoln Cathedral eastward ; from the sides of this rock issue four rivcra in opposite direc- tionsthe Dove and the Wye, which ultimately fall into ,016 Humber, and the Dane and the Goyte, which join the Mersey. The living is a perpet. cur. * in the dioc. of Liehfield, and in the patron, of the Duke of Devonshire. Hit; church, a spacious edifice of the Tuscan order of architecture, was erected by the duke in 1812. It. is situated in Fail-field, on the N. side of the Wye, and is atcd to St. John the Evangelist. The old church Ann is situated in the higher town, and is only used for evening service. There arc chapels for Inde- pendents, Wrslryans, and Unitarians, and an endowed school, which was formerly held in the church of St. Ann. Both churches are under one incumbency, of the val. of about 90 a year, partly from land and ints to 7 5s. per annum. There is a racecourse . the town, but the races are discontinued. Two kly newspapers are published during the season, <l the ISttxtnii Herald and the Iltucton Advertiser. Buxton is one of the polling places for the county elec- . It is within the honour of Tutbury, in the duchy 'if Lancaster. The market is held on Saturday, and fairs on the 3rd February, the 1st April, the 2nd May, ih September, and Ihu 28th October. The last two ittlo fairs. BUXTON, a par. in the southern div. of the hund. of Erpingham, in the co. of Norfolk, 4 miles S.E. of Ayl- u, and 8 miles to the N. of Norwich, its post town. The projected railway from Norwich to Cromer will pass iirur this village, which is seated on the banks of the river Burc. Various lioman antiquities have been dug up in this parish. The living is a vie.* united with the rfrts. of Oxnead and Skeyton, in the dioc. of Norwich, collectively of the val. of 646, in the patron, of Sir H. Stracey, Hart. The tithes of Buxton have been com- muted for 338 15s. del. ; and there is a newly-built rage-house. The church, dedicated to St. Andrew, 1 1 ancient building lately restored, with square tower. The register commences in the year 1663, and the chalice bears date 1567. There are chapels belonging to the Baptists and Wesleyans. The charitable endowments, consisting partly of the revenue of some almshouses founded by Sir John Picto, produce about 170 per annum. There is a school-house, erected in 1833 by the trustees of the charity left by the late John Wright ; also a National school. Buxton water corn-mill stands upon the Bure, at the E. end of the village, near to which arc two artificial fish-ponds. The par. has an area of 1,274 acres, chiefly the property of Sir Henry Straeey, Bart., who is lord of the manor. BUXTON. See BUCKTON, Herefordshire. BWLCH-COEDEG, a hmlt. in the par. of Mallwyd, hund. of Talybont, in the co. of Merioneth, North Wales, 1 mile to the E. of Dinas Mowddwy. BWLCH-TREWYN, atnshp.inthe par. of Cwmyoy, hund. of Ewyas-Lcy, in the co. of Hereford, 5 miles to the N. of Abergavenny. It is seated on the river Mon- now, a branch of the Wye. BWLCH-Y-CERNAN, a hmlt. in the hund. of Rhay- ader, in the co. of Radnor, South Wales, 6 miles to the N. of Rhayader. BWLCH-Y-CLATT, a hmlt. in the hund. of Llan- VOL. I. idlocs, in the co. of Montgomery, North Wales, 3 miles to the N.W. of Llanidloes. It is at the foot of Plin- limmon, near one of the sources of the river Severn. BWLCH-Y-FRIDD, a hmlt. in the hund. of New-town, in the co. of Montgomery, North Wales, 3 miles to the N.W. of Ncwtown. BWLCH-Y-GYFNYNG, a hmlt. in the hund. of Estirnaner, in tho co. of Merioneth, North Wales, G miles to the N.E. of Towyn. BYALL FEN, an ext. par. district, in the hund. and Isle of Ely, in the co. of Cambridge, 7 miles to the N.W. of Ely. BYCHTON, a tnshp. in the par. of Whitford, hund. of Coleshill, in tho co. of Flint, North Wales, 2 miles from Holywell. BYCKNACRE, a hmlt. partly in the par. of Danbury, and partly in that of Woodham Ferris, in the hund. of Dengie, co. of Essex. BYERS GREEN, a tnshp. in the par. of St. Andrew Auckland, ward of Darlington, in the co. palatine of Durham, 4 miles to the N. of Bishop Auckland. It is a station on the West Hartlepool harbour railway. Tho living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Durham, in the patron, of tho bishop. BYFIELD, a par. in the hund. of Chipping Warden, in the co. of Northampton, 7 miles to the S.W. of Daventry, its post town. It lies near the border of Warwickshire. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Peterborough, of tho annual val. of 917, and in the patron, of tho President and Fellows of Corpus Christ! College, Oxford. Tho church is dedicated to the Holy Cross. The parochial charities, which include some small bequests for education, amount to about 80 per annum. BYFLEET, a par. in the first div. of the hund. of Godley, in the co. of Surrey, 4 miles to the S. of Chertsey. Cobham is its post town. It is situated on a branch of the river Wey, near the London and South- Western railway, and is crossed by the Wey and Arun Junction canal. The manor of Byfleet was given to Piers Gaves- ton, the favourite of Edward II. The Black Prince is said to have erected the old mansion called Byfleet Park, which is now a farmhouse. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Winchester, val. 295, in the patron, of the lord chancellor. Tho church is dedicated to St. Mary, and contains a monumental brass of a priest who died in 1480. There is a chapel belonging to tho Baptists. The parochial charities produce about '24 a year. The reet. of Byfleet was held by the noted Stephen Duck, who, begin- ning life as a farm labourer, became a poet, was appointed by Queen Caroline one of the yeomen of the guard, ob- tained the living of this parish, and was named Keeper of the Queen's Library at Richmond Gardens. He died at Byfleet in 1756. BYFORD, a par. in tho hund. of Grimsworth, in the co. of Hereford, 6 miles to the W. of Hereford, its post town. It is pleasantly situated on the banks of the river Wye, here crossed by a ferry. Tho living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Hereford, worth 195, in the patron, of the lord chancellor. The church is dedicated to St. John the Baptist. There are some charitable bequests producing 5 a year. BYGRAVE, a par. in the hund. of Odsey, in the co. of Hertford, 2 mOes to the N.E. of Baldock, its post town, which is a station on the Hitchin and Cambridge branch of the Great Eastern railway. The ancient Ick- nield Street passes near this village. The living is a rect.* in the dioc. of Rochester, val. 377, in the patron, of the Marquis of Salisbury. BYKER, a tnshp. in tho par. of All Saints, New- castle-upon-Tyne, Castle ward, in tho co. of Northum- berland, 2 miles from Newcastle. It is situated on tho N. bank of the Tyne, and is included within the borough. It contains several manufactories of glass, pottery, &c. The inhabitants are also employed in working the coal- mines and the stone-quarries of the vicinity. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Durham, val. 130, in the patron, of the crown and the bishop. There is a chapel belonging to the Wesleyan Methodists. 3 L
 * y from money in the funds. The Gisborne Charity