Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/447

Rh BUSHWOOD. 437 BUTESHIRE. A police force is stationed here, and potty sessions are held once a fortnight. There is a handsome court- house, erected by the late Sir F. W. JIacnaghten, Bart., and two hotels for the accommodation of the numerous tourists who come to enjoy the bold and beautiful scenery of the coast, including the Giant's Causeway, with Dunluce and Dunseverick castles. A free school is established under tho governors of Smith's Founda- tion, and there is a handsome schoolhouse for boys and girls, built by the late Sir F. W. Macnaghten, whose seat was Bushmills House, now the residence of Mrs. Ander- son. His son, Sir E. W. Macnaghten, Bart., the present proprietor of the place, resides at the new mansion, called Dundaraue. Tuesday is the market day, and fairs are held on tho 28th March and June, the 24th August, 21st October, and tho 12th December. BUSHWOOD, a limit, in the par. of Old Stratford, hund. of Barlichway, in the co. of Warwick, not far from Stratford-on-Avon. BUSI1YHILL, a vil. in the par. of Cambuslang, Middle ward, in the co. of Lanark, Scotland, 6 miles to the S.E. of Glasgow. It is seated in a hilly district, near the river Clyde, and the Clydesdale branch of the Ionian railway, on which Cambuslang is a station. BUSLINGTHORPE, a par. in the wap. of Lawress, parts of Lindsey, in the co. of Lincoln, 3 miles to the S.V. of Market Raisen, its post town. The Market Eaisen and Lincoln branch of the Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire railway passes through it. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of Lincoln, val. 244, in the patron, of the Governors of the Charterhouse, London. The church is very ancient, and contains a monumental brass of Sir Richard Buslingthorpe, who died in 1310. BUSLINGTHORPE, a vil. in the par. and borough of Leeds, wap. of Skyrack, in the West Riding of the co. of York, not far from Leeds. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Ripon, val. 150, in the patron, of five trustees. BUSSAGE, a tythg. in the par. and hund. of Bisley, in tho co. of Gloucester, 4 miles to the E. of Stroud, which is a station on the Great Western railway. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Gloucester and Bristol, val. 30, in tho patron, of the bishop. The ehmvh is dedicated to St. Michael. SUSSEX, a hmlt. in the par. of Weston Zoyland, hund. of Whitley, in the co. of Somerset, 3 miles to the S.E. of Bridgwater. It is near the river Parret, on the Bristol and Exeter railway. BU.STABECK BOUND, a tnshp. in the par. of Castle- Sowerby, Leath ward, in the co. of Cumberland, 3 miles to the S.E. of Hesket Newmarket. BUSTON, HIGH and LOW, tnshps. in tho par. of Warkworth, ward of Coquetdale, in the co. of Northum- berland, 5 miles to tho S.E. of Alnwick. They are situated on the sea-coast, not far from the mouth of tho river Coquet. Tho Newcastle and Berwick railway passes by them, BUTCOMBE, a par. in the hund. of Hartcliffc, in the co. of Somerset, 10 miles to the S. of Bristol. Wrington is its post town. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of Bath and Wells, val. 248, in the patron, of the Rev. E. P. Hassell. The church is ancient, and is dedicated to St. Michael. BUTE, an island forming part of Buteshire, Scotland, situated in the Frith of Clyde, between the coasts of Argyleshire and Ayrshire. Although it gives name to the county, it is considerably smaller than tho Isle of Arran, being in length from N. to S. 16 miles, and in breadth from 3 to 4 miles. Jn circuit it is about 40 miles. It is only separated from Argyleshire by a very narrow and winding channel, called the Kyles of Bute, the scenery along which is very picturesque. The breadth of the Frith, separating the island from Ayr- shire, is about 6 miles. The Northmen held possession of Bute and the neighbouring islands for centuries before they were finally annexed to the kingdom of Scot- land. The island was for a time in the power of the English monarch, Edward II., and subsequently fell into the hands of Bruce. The inhabitants were some- times named Sramlini by ancient authors. Some of tho Scottish kings occasionally resided in the island, among whom were Robert III. and James III. It was on this island that the Earl of Argylo landed in 1685, when acting in concert with the Duke of Monmouth against the Stuarts, whose favourite seat, Rothesay Castle, was then burnt by the insurgents. The coast is irregular and rocky, with many small bays, and the whole island is hilly. The most elevated ground is in the northern part of the island, which is very rugged and barren. Kames Hill, tho loftiest in tho island, rises to the height of about 830 feet above tho level of the sea. Some fertile and cultivated tracts occur in the southern parts. There is another lofty hill, named Suidhe Chatain, about 500 feet high. Primary rocks, traversed by veins of trap and quartz, are found in tho N., and sandstone, lime- stone, and trap in the S. The island also contains some superficial deposits of coraline, sand, and shells, proving that the low-lying valleys of the centre of the island have at a recent period been overflowed by tho sea. There are several small lakes and streams, the former containing perch, trout, and pike, and the latter salmon. The climate is genial, and Rothesay is much frequented as a watering-place. The Marquis of Bute is proprietor of most of the island, and under his auspices great improvements have been made in agriculture. There is a considerable tract of woodland. The remains of ancient castles, forts, and other works, attributed to the Northmen, are numerous. The existing castles are those of Rothesay and Kames, which belonged to the Bannatynes ; Kilmorie, the seat of the Jamiesons ; and Spence's Castlo. Dungylo, a vitrified fort on a lofty rock in the south of the island, is supposed to be a Danish work. In the same district is a curious round structure, called the Devil's Cauldron ; and near it are the ruins of an ancient chapel, dedicated to St. Elaine. Rothesay is a royal burgh, and anciently gave the title of duke to the prince royal of Scotland. The Prince of Wales now takes tho title of Duke of Rothesay. The island of Bute comprises an area of about 30,000 acres. BUTELAND, a tnshp. in the parochial chplry. of Birtley, Tindale ward, in the co. of Northumberland, 4 miles to the S.E. of Bellingham. It is a joint tnshp. with Broomhope. BUTESHIRE, a co. in the S.W. part of Scotland, consisting of the islands of Arran and Bute, with the smaller ones of Great Cumbray, Little Cumbray, Inch Marnock, Lamlash, and Pladda. It is situated in tho Frith of Clyde, between the cos. of Argyle, on the N. and W., and Ayr on the E., and is estimated to com- prise an area of 257 square miles. But a small part of the surface is under cultivation, although much has been done to improve the methods of farming and the condi- tion of the farmers, and to drain the lands, by the prin- cipal proprietors, the Marquis of Bute and the Duke of Hamilton. Land is commonly let on lease for 19 years. The climate is damp, but temperate and healthy. The hen-ing fisheries employ between 2,000 and 3,000 per- sons, and about 550 boats. The cotton manufacture ia earned on to some extent at Rothesay, which is the county town. It returns one member to the imperial parlia- ment for the county and the royal burgh of Rothesay, which is the place of election. Before the passing of the Reform Bill in 1832, this county returned one mem- ber alternately with the county of Caithness. Buteshire contains six pars., five of which are in the synod of Ar- gyle, and one in the synod of Glasgow and Ayr. There are places of worship belonging to the Establishment, Free Church, United Presbyterian Church, Reformed Presbyterian Church, Scottish Episcopal Church, Congre- gational Union, and the Roman Catholic Church. Sheriff courts are held weekly at Rothesay. Quarter sessions are held on tho first Tuesday of March, May, and August, and on the last Tuesday of October. Popula- tion in 1851, 16,608 ; in 1861, 16,188. Tho principal seats in the county are Mount Stewart, that of the Mar- quis of Bute, situated on the S. coast of Bute ; Kames, of the Hamiltons ; Braes, of the M'Kinleys ; Millport, and Ascog. [See ARRAN, BUTE, ROTHSAY, CUMBRAY, &c.