Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/444

Rh HCKY. BURY ST. EDMUND'S. in 1829, and a savings-bank, established in 1822. The rhouso is in the neighbouring tnshp. of 1 The living is a reel. in tho dioc. of Mam -heater, of tho annual val. of 1,937, in the patron, of the Earl of Derby. The church, which was rebuilt with tho exception of tho tower in 177C, is dedicated to St Mary. A new !>. r and spire were erected about 1845. A chapel of ease, dedicated to St. John, was built in 1770, tho living is a perpet. cur., worth 170, in the patron, of tho Rector of Bury. A new church, dedicated to St. Paul, was erected about 1848, tho living of which is a perpet cur.* in the patron, of trustees. There are eleven other di.itru-t churches in tho parish. -pectively atEdeniield, Elton, Holcombe, Ucywood, !! a]> St. James, Musbury,' Ramsbottom, Shuttli worth, Tottingtou, Walmcrsley, and Waterfoot Thu livings of all are perpet. curs., varying in val. from 345 to 110. There is in the town a Roman' Catholic chapel, an elegant Gothic struc- ture, erected about 1840. There are three chapels be- longing to the Independents, and one each to tho Unitarians, Wesleyans, Association, New Connexion, and Primitive Methodists. A free grammar school was founded and endowed by Roger Kay in 1726, the revenue of which is now about 500 per annum. Two exhibitions at tho universities are attached to it. Tho school is under the management of trustees. Tho National school was established in 1815, and is partly supported by the endowment of a previously existing free school for 80 boys and 30 girls, founded in 1748 by tho Hon. and Rev. John Stanley ; most of the children are clothed out of tho funds of the charity. There are in tho town various other schools. There is a branch canal, formed about 1790, connecting Bury with the Manchester and Bolton canal. North of the town is Chamber Hall, the property of the Peels, and the residence of the first Sir Robert Pool. The late states- man was born at this mansion, or in a cottage close by it, in 1788. Thursday was the day fixed by the original grant for holding the market, which is now held on lay. Annual fairs are held on tho 8th March, tho 3rd May, and the 18th September. BURY, a par. in tho hund. of the same name, rape of Arundel, in tho co. of Sussex, 4 miles to the N. of Arundol. Pet worth is its post town. It is pleasantly situated on the banks of the river Aruii, and includes the tythg. of West Burton. Tho living is a vie.* in tho dioc. of Chichester, val. 110, in tho patron, of trustees. There are charitable endowments for tho poor amounting to 40 per annum. BURYANSE, or BURIAN, ST., a par. in the hund. of Penwith, in the co. of Cornwall, 5 miles to the S.W. of Penzanee, which is the terminus of tho West Cornwall railway. It is situated in a hilly and wild district, within 4 miles of tho Land's End, and contains the vil. of Bolleit. The village of St. Burian is of great antiquity, and was the site of a collegiate church, founded and endowed soon after tho commencement of the 10th century by King Athelstan, in honour of St. Burian. It had the privilege of sanctuary, and was afterwards made a deanery. No remains of the collegiate buildings exist Granite is the prevailing rock in the di Numerous remains of primitive stone circles < u-t in tin neighbourhood, among which are the Merry Maidens, two stones called the Pipers, and the Boscawen-un, being a circle of 19 stones surrounding a central one. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of Exeter, of tho annual val. with St Levan and Senncn, which together con- stitute the Deanery of St. Burian, of 1,11111, in tho patron, of the Prince of Wales, as Duke of Cornwall. 1'ho church is built of granite, and stands on a hill about 470 feet above the level of tho sea, forming a conspicuous sea-mark. There is a national school. BUKY l:l.rNMi<p, a tythg. in the par. of High- worth, in the co. of Wilts 2 miles to the V. of 1 (th BUKY illMHil.li,, : hund*. or sub- divisions of the rape of Arundel, in the co. of Sussex, d in the western parliamentary div. of the Co., and led on the N. and AV. by tho hund. of Kothcr- bridge ; on tho E. by tho hund. of West Easwrith, ii the S. by tho hund. of Avisford. It contains pars, of Bignor, Bury, Coates, Cold Waltham, worth, Hurdhnm, Houghton, and Wisborough with part of the par. of Alford. The buna., part which lies detached in West Easwrith hund., com an area of about 18,000 acres. BURY LANE, a hmlt. in the tnshp. of C'n Newchurch, and par. of Winwii-k, hund. of Went Dert in tho co. palatine of Lancaster, 3 miles to the S. Leigh. It gives name to a station on the Liverpool Manchester railway. The living is u ncxed to the rect. of Newchurch Kenyon, in the I !! -ti-r. BUKY si. i;i).MIM)'.S, a market town, mi and parliamentary borough, and county town 14 miles to the E. of Newmarket, 26 miles to the N Ipswich, 43 miles S.W. of Norwich, and 71 mil. s 1 from London, or 94} miles by railway vin Ipswich,* rid Cambridge. It is a station on the Great Easte Eastern Union railway. Bury, the principal town Ii West Suffolk, is situated in aii open and highly-cnliV vated country, on tho banks of the river Larke, branch of the, Ouse, and is a place of very high antiquity. It is not ascertained by whom or at what time it ~ founded, but from tho number of Roman anti found, and from tho quantity of Roman bricks ani. employed in the building of tho abbey church, it Jt considered to have been an important place uniUi^H dominion of tho Romans, probably the htaii fauitini. It was subsequently named by tho Saxon Seodria-tcort/it, i.e. "house of Beodric," to whom the manor belonged in the early port of the 9th ccnt^H It was a royal burgh at that period, and was b by Beodric to Edmund, who succeeded Offa as King of East Anglia. Hero Edmund was crowned in & During an irruption of the Danes, in 870, he tured and barbarously shun. The device of the seal commemorates a miraculous circumstance ing his death. The remains of the martyr ,.r.-i after being interred at Home, where miracles reported to have been wrought by them, and deposited at this town in 903, which tl bore the name of St. Edmund's Bury. A <.] erected to his memory, which was made collegiate by King Athelstan about tho year 925, who also in- corporated the six secular priests, who had found* a monastery, at the same time. The t monastery having suffered greatly from the Dam under Swegn, were rebuilt by Canute, about 1020. Th secular priests were expelled, and monks of tho Bens dictino order were then established in their pUoi Bishop Aylwiu took part in tho foundation ci abbey, which was richly endowed, and subse" tained a degree of magnificence and pi i by any monastery in Great Britain, with th of the abbey of Glastonbury. The abbot wa- and sat in parliament He had jurisdiction causes within tho liberty of Bury, which comprised seven hundreds and part of an eighth. He had thl t inflicting capital punishment, and ti lego of coining. The number of monks, ol^^^l and servants in the abbey exceeded 2m>. nuc of the establishment, according to tho estimate made at the Dissolution, was 2,337, which wa* : below the real value. Thirty-three abbots in suoees- sion ruled tho monastery during a period of '> from the time of its restoration by Canute, till ' November, 1539, when this magnificent ostnbiii-him nt win broken up, and tho site and endowments sun return from France, and in 1214 King John held a con with the barons here. Parliaments wei I'.ury l.y Henry 111. in 1272, by Kdward I. in 129C- tndby Henry VI. in 1446. The shrine oi was visited by H-iny VII. and Inn IJueen Elizabeth In 1327 a violent attack was made on tho abbey b; and burgesses taking the lead, and many o
 * II- :ny VIII. Tho abbey was visited bvllenr
 * ile of tho town and tho surrounding village*