Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/435

Rh BURNIIAVEN. 42.5 BURNTISLAND. are held here once a month. The living is a rect. * in the (iioc. of Norwich, of the annual val. with medieties of Burnham-Norton and Bnrnliam-Ulph, of 708, in the patron, of the Master and Fellows of Christ's College, Cambridge. The church is dedicated to St. Marj-. It is huilt of flint and freestone, with an embattled tower at the west end, and contains several monuments ; amongst others the cypher of the Virgin, and figures representing the events from the Salutation of the Virgin Mary to the Crucifixion. The interior is much encumbered by the high pews, which are appro- priated by the wealthy inhabitants, leaving scarcely any place for the labouring population, which is very numerous. The register dates from the year 1538. The church of Burnham-Ulph, which is dedicated to All Saints, stands in the town. Here was formerly a third church, dedicated to St. Margaret, of which there are no remains. There are chapels belonging to the Inde- pendents and Primitive Methodists. The parochial charities amount to 5 a. year, the produce of a bequest for education by John Wilinot. The rectory is a handsome Elizabethan building, erected by the Ecv. Dr. William Bates, who was presented to the living in 1849. The National schools are spacious and well arranged, with infant school, and residences for the teachers. There is a subscription library, and depots for the Christian Know- ledge and National societies. About 1 mile to the E. of the town is Holiham Park, the noble seat of the Earl of Leicester. Pleasure fairs are held on Easter Monday , and Tuesday, and on the first two days of August. BTJRNHAVEN, a fishing vil. in the par. of Peter- head, in the eo. of Aberdeen, Scotland, near the mouth of the burn of Inverncttie. BURNHEAD, a vil. in the par. of Pcnpont, in the co. of Dumfries, Scotland, 1^ mile W. of Thornhill. Here is an United Presbyterian church. BURNHOUSE, a vil. in the par. of Beith, in the co. of Ayr, Scotland, 11 miles to the N.W. of Kilmarnock. It is not far from the Glasgow and South- Western railway. BURNISTON, a tnshp. in the par. of Scalby, wap. of Pickering Lythe, in the North Riding of the co. of York, 3 miles to the N.W. of Scarborough. BURNLEY, a chplry. and market town in the par. of Whalley, hund. of Blackburn, in the co. palatine of Lancaster, 28 miles to the N. of Manchester, and 217 miles to the N.N.W. of London, by the London and North- Western and the Lancashire and Yorkshire rail- ways, with the latter of which it is connected by a branch lino of 9 miles from Todmorden. There are three railway stations in the town. It is situated in a pleasant, fertile, and wooded valley, on the banks of the river Burn, a branch of the Calder, into which it runs about a mile below the town. It is an ancient town, and is thought to have been the site of a Roman station, numerous Roman relics having been found in the vicinity. A spot named Saxifietd, near the town, is noted by tradition as the scene of a battle about the end of the 6th century. Burnley is an important seat of manufacturing industry, and has made rapid progress in population and prosperity during the present cen- tury. The cotton manufacture has become the staple business of the place, which was formerly the woollen and worsted manufacture. There are many large mills, some print-works, several flour-mills, besides iron and brass foundries, engine manufactories, several breweries, rope- walks, and tanneries. Coal is obtained in abundance in the neighbourhood, and thercarc quarries of good freestone and slate. The greater part of the town is of modern date ; the houses are mostly built of stone, and the streets are paved and lighted with gas. The water supply is abundant. The Leeds and Liverpool canal passes by the town, winding nearly round it, and greatly promotes its trade by opening easy communication with both the North and Irish Seas. Burnley is the seat of a Poor-law Union, and the head of a County Court district. It is also a polling-place for the north division of the county. Petty sessions are held weekly in the court-house, the chief public building. In the VOL. i. town arc the Union poorhouso and a savings-bank. The living is a perpct. cur.* in the dice, of Manchester, of the annual val. of 1,400, in the patron, of R. T. Parker, Esq. The church, dedicated to St. Peter, has been recently repaired. It is a large and very ancient edifice of stone, exhibiting the early English and seve- ral later styles of architecture, but much altered by enlargement and repairs at various times. In a side chapel arc monuments of the Townley family, of Town- ley Hall, near Burnley, among which is one to Charles Townley, the accomplished scholar and antiquary', who formed the valuable collection of marbles bearing his name, now in the British Museum. He died in 1805. Two new churches have been erected, dedicated to St. James and St. Paul respectively ; the latter is situated at Lane Bridge. The livings of both are curs., each worth 150, in the patron, of the crown and the bishop of the dioc. alternately. A spacious Roman Catholic chapel was erected in 1849. There are two chapels belonging to the Independents, four each to the Baptists and Wesleynns, and two to the Primitive Methodists. The free grammar school, founded about 1650, has an in- come, from various endowments, of 150 a year, and an interest in thirteen scholarships at Brasenose College, Oxford. Dr. Whitaker, Master of St. John's, Cambridge, and author of a history of the parish of Whalley, was educated at this school. There are several charitable endowments for the relief of the poor, the principal of which is that founded in the year 1800 by Elizabeth Peel. The various charities are worth about 220 per annum. The town has literary and mechanics' insti- tutes, a reading-room, National, British, and other schools. Markets are held on Monday and Saturday, the latter in the new market-place. There is a cattle market every other Monday. The fairs are on the 6th March, Easter Eve, the 9th and 13th May, the 10th July, and the llth October. BURNMOUTH, a vil. in the par. of Ayton, in the co. of Berwick, Scotland, 5 miles to the N. of Berwick. It is seated on the coast, and is a station on the North British railway. The inhabitants are chiefly engaged in the fishery. " They were once noted for smuggling. BURNOP, a tnshp., joined with Hamsteels, in the par. of Lanchester, Chester ward, in the co. palatine of Durham, 6 miles to the N.W. of Durham. It is situated in a hilly country on the river Browney, a branch of the Wear. The Wesleyans have a meeting-house in the village. BURNS, a vil. in the par. of Markinch, Kirkcaldy district of the co. of Fife, 'Scotland, 2 miles to the W. of Leven. BURNSALL, a par. in the eastern div. of the wap. of Staincliff and Ewcross, in the West Riding of the co. of York, 8 miles to the N.E. of Skipton, its post town. It is situated in the romantic valley of the Wharfe, and comprises no less than 31,331 acres. It contains the chplries. of Coniston-with-Kilnsay and Rylstone, and ten tnshps. It is said to have been formerly part of the par. of Linton. There is a bridge over the Wharfe. The living is a rect. in the dioc. of Ripon, with the perpet. curs, of Coniston and Rilston annexed. It is in two portions, of which the first, val. 315, is in the patron, of the trustees of the late Rev. J. Graham, and the second, val. 276, in the patron of the Earl of Craven. The church, dedicated to St. Wilfred, was repaired by Sir William Craven in 1612, and contains a pulpit and desk for each portionist. Here is a grammar school, founded by Sir William, and endowed by him and other persons. The founder was born at Appletree- wick, and became Lord Mayor of London in 1611. Burnsall bridge and three others in the neighbourhood were rebuilt by him. BURNT1SLAN1), a par., royal and parliamentary burgh and seaport, in the Kirkcaldy district of the co. of Fife, .Scotland, 8 miles to the N 1 . of Edinburgh, and about 20 miles to the S.W. of Cupar, or 24 miles by railway. It is situated on the N. shore of the Frith of Forth, and is a station on the Edinburgh, Perth, and Dundee railway, which crosses the Frith by a floating .3 I