Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/328

Rh BOSMERE HUNDRED. 318 BOSTON. Little St. .11, l,.im,Swil!and, and Willisham, with ]j.irts of 'i, Whitton, mid Bramfom. The ! ike (mere) from which this hundred took itanamo is in the neighbourhood of Needham .Market. The union of the tw.. liuiuU. of Bosmcre ami ( 'laydon took in 176.5. This hundred has been constituted a Poor- law Union ; hut the limits of the latter do not exactly 'In with those of the former.- The Union house is at Barham. Tlxo hund. comprises an area of about 60,640 B BOSMERE HUNDRED, one of the 4 hands, in the Fareham div. of the co. of Southampton, situated in the, southern div. of the co., and bounded by the huiid. of PorUdown, the co. of Sussex, and the English (.'han- ncl. The larger part of this hund. is an island. It comprises the pan. of North Hayling, S. nth Haylini;-, and Warblington, and extends over an are 6,000 acres. BOSSALL, a par. in thewap. of Bulmer, in the North Riding of the co. of York, 10 miles to the N.E. of York. It is situated on the banks of the river Derwent,. and contains the chplries. of Buttercrambe and Claxton, and the tnshps. of Bossall, Harton, Sand Hutton, and Flax- ton. The vil. of Bossall was of jr. nt formerly than it is now. The living is a vie. in t*io dioc. of York, of the val. of 445, in the patron, of the Dean and Chap- ter of Durham. The church, a handsome building in the form of a cross, with a central tower, is dedicated to St. Botolph. In addition to the parish church thoroare two district churches recently erected, one at Fluxion, and the other in the tnshp. of Sand Hutton. The living of the former is of the val. of 250, and of the latter 200, both in the gift of the Dean and Chapter of Durham. There are some small charitable endowment*, producing about 4 a BOSSINEY, a vil. in the par. of Tintagtl, hund. of Lesnewth, in the co. of Cornwall, 4 miles to the N.V. of Camelford. It is situated in a wild and rocky country on the sea-coast, and was once a market town and parliamentary borough. It was mado a free borough by Richard Earl of Cornwall, in the 13th century, and from the reign of Edward VI. returned two members to parliament, until the passing of the Reform Act, under which it was disfranchised. The borough was anciently designated the Borough of Bossinoy, comprising the village of Trevona and a portion of the parish of Tintagel. There is a National school supported by subscription. On a bold and rugged slate rock, projecting into the sea, are the remains of the old castle called King Arthur's. It is a structure of very great antiquity, and occupies a position difficult of access. This parish abounds in hill scenery of the most striking and picturesque description. At Trcthavy there is a very beautiful waterfall, called St. Knii;hton's Kicvo. Bossiney Haven and Trebsiwith Strand are objects of great beauty and interest. BOSSINGHAM, a hmlt. in the par. of Upper Hardres, hund. and union of Bridge, and lathe of St. Augustine, in the co. of Kent, 6 miles to the S. of Canterbury. There are traces of the Roman road from Canterbury, called Stone Street. BOSSINGTON, a par. in the hund. of Lower Thorn- gate, Romsey div. of the co. of Southampton, :i to the S. of Stockbridgc, its post town, 10 W. of Win- chester, and 3 N. of Dunbridge railway station. It is situated on the banks of the small river Anton, and is crossed by the Roman road to Winchester, on the line of which many gold and silver ornaments have In i u found. The living is a perpct. cur. annexed to the i>. I. of I'.roughton, in thedioc. of Wim li<-tcr. The church, dedicated to St. James, is a handsome structure, rebuilt in 18:j'.i. o!' Hint and stone, in tie Huh style. BOSSINGTON, a tythg. in the par. of Porlock, bund, .ilmiiptun, in the co. of Somerset, near Porlock. It is in a pleasant spot on the coast of Porlock Buy, in the 1 Channel. l;i i^'l'i u K, a tnshp. in the jar. of Davenham, hund. of Nnrthwich, in the co. palatine of Chester, 2 miles to the N.W. of Middlewick. The Grand Junction rail- way passes near it. Bostoek Hall is the principal i sion. BOSTON, a quoad taera par. in the par. of Dm in thu co. of Berwick, Scotland, not far from Dm The living is in tin patron, of the subscribers. 1JOSTON, a par, market town,.- and parliamentary borough, in thewap. of^^^f parts ot Holland, in the co. of Lincoln, 31 miles i. S.I-;, of Lincoln, and 107 miles to th' N. of London railway, or 116 miles byroad. It is a Northern railway, by which it i* connt with Peterborough and the south and v land Counties. Boston is situated in t the eastern coast, on both banks ot which falls into the Wash about u miles bekrw town. The William rises in Hutlai. ward by Gninlham to Lincoln, where the KoMnJjk great artificial cut or drain, meets it, and then en the county in a south-easterly din By means of the river, and various canals conn* with it, Boston has water communi and the Midland Counties. Nothing ia c< r of the origin of this town, but the lati son, in his valuable work published in 1856, hubm together many interesting circumstances connected < its early history. Ome fact a at an early period called St. Botolp! The conjecture seems not improbable that it wu th. of a monastery, built, as the Saxon ( St. Botolph, patron of sailors, about the 7th century. The monast. i v exi.-; turics, and was destroyed by the Danes :-. Admitting that supposition, the i Bo* appeara U> be a corruption of the early Botolph'i ~ It is a remarkable circumstance that no mentior place occurs in Domesday Book. Lit: during the century following the ' of importance is recorded in conni of the so-called "fifteenth," in i charged on the fifteenth part of land and | seaports, and Boston was ! amount of its contribution Lomi Boston 780. Its commercial importai time have been considerable. It had an too, which attracted merchants and dealers i places. Numerous rgligious houses v. the 13th and 14th centuries: a Dominica- 1220; a Carmelite friary, in 1301; an one of the Tylney family, in 1307 by the " Easterlinges," ormerchaii! in 1332. By the Statute of Staple, pi Boston was made a staple town i.e., one < which, by special appointment, tin to bring their lead, tin, wool, and n lions, for sale to the foreign traders. 1 in the town, and its commercial pro confirmed and promoted. Several guilds, or a partly religious, partly mercantile, in tlic- : - d in Boston at this period. '11 St. Botolph, Corpus Christi, the Blessed and Paul, St. George, and the Holy Ti wn of thoir foundation. Tl said to have been the most important Ithidi 1 in the church. In ! ships to th' lid I" ( :.lais, after the battle of Cn when Leland saw and wrote of tie id greatly declined. Its decay was! ral dissolution of the monasteries < VI 11., ami its early greatness has not be Boston sustained serious damage from a ! from a flood five years later. It w,, storm in 1571, and shortly afterwards 1 The plague broke out here again in th- reign of Charles I. During '*Var, B the popular f-ide, and was made for a short 1G43, the headquarters of Cromwell's army, important post, and was called by 1 the Associated Counties," and by Clarendon, "