Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/317

Rh BOLSTEESTONE. 307 BOLTON ABBEY. of th government fortresses in central England. King Hem VIII. conferred it upon the Karl of Shrewsbury, from hose family it passed, in the reign of Elizabeth, into ' it of Cavendish. The Norman castle was repaired in th ;nd of the 16th century by Elizabeth Hard wick, Coun ss of Shrewsbury, and her son, Sir Charles Caven- dish. It was completed in the beginning of the 17th , and it has been ever since preserved in the which they left it, as a remarkable specimen of u Ni lan keep restored in Elizabethan times. The .11 of Sir Charles Cavendish, William, first Duke of Ni castle, built, in the reign of King Charles I., the magi) .cent building, now in ruins, situated on the adjoining the old castle ; and here he had the if frequently entertaining his sovereign before .tking out of the Civil War. It was for one of . : HIS, in 1633, that Ben Jonson composed his He also built the Riding House. Bolsover a longs to the Duke of Portland, who is heir and Native of the Cavendishes, Dukes of Newcastle ; ice preserves the ancient Norman keep in, . 1 1; in which it was restored by his ancestors, 1), Countess of Shrewsbury, and Sir Charles ^h. It is at present inhabited by the Eev. John ' Ham:on Gray, who has furnished it in the Elizabethan The village of Bolsover, formerly a market town, intly situated on a hillside, commanding a good
 * , and is partly surrounded by an entrenchment.

-pipes are made hero which are in high repute. arish are quarries of magnesian limestone, which d part of the material for the Houses of Parlia- The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of Lichfield, -al. of 111, in the patron, of the Duke of Port- The church, dedicated to St. Mary, is very portions of it being Norman. The spire is a cimeu of early English. The arches are partly ! and partly early English. It contains magni- onumonts, erected to the memory of Sir Charles sh and Henry Cavendish, second Duke of New- The Independents and Wesleyans have chapels. , jrliial charities, consisting of a bequest by Mrs. n, for portioning girls producing annually about nd the endowment of a small free school, amount per annum. An annual fair is held on Midsuin- -TERSTONE, a tnshp. in the chplry. of Brad- 1 par. of Ecclesfield, in the wap. of Strafforth
 * hill, West Riding of the co. of York, 8 miles

.W. of Sheffield. The living is a perpet. cur. oc. of York, of the val. of 119, in the patron. mington, Esq. Tho church was erected soon '. ' beginning of the loth century. ) ' > 'TONE. See BOCLSTONE, Herefordshire. 'BURY, a hmlt. in the par. of Marlborough, and Stanborough, in the co. of Devon, 4 miles to the ngsbridge. It is pleasantly situated near the it far from Bolt Tail. 1>Y, n tnshp. in the par. of Feliskirk, wap. of h, in the North Riding of the co. of York, 5 the N.E. of Thirsk. 'ON, a par. in the ward of Allerdale-below-
 * , in the co. of Cumberland, not far from Ireby.

is its post town. It is situated in a hilly country . on tiu.':anks of the river Ellen, and includes the tnshps. of Hi;- Bolton, Low Bolton, or Bolton Wood, and QuarnHUl. Many of the inhabitants are employed in workii dant 1 B01 ' i miles i BO1 3 mile; the coal and limestone, which are very abun- -e. Copper is also obtained. The living is a the dioc. of Carlisle, of the val. of 512, in m. of the Earl of Lonsdale. The church is 1 to All Saints. 'ON, a hmlt. in the par. of Gosforth, ward ol >above-Derwent, in the co. of Cumberland, 5 the N. of Ravenglass. ON, a par. in the co. of Haddington, Scotland, D the S. of Haddington. It lies on the banks nl Water and Binns "Water, and is partly, woodci: The manor was given, about the end of the 12th c tury, to the Viponts, by William the Lion. After several changes of ownership, it was seized about L600 by the Hepburns, one of whom took part, with Bothwell, in the murder of Damlcy, and was executed or the crime. The manor was afterwards held by secretary Maitland, and now belongs to Lord Blantyre. The living, of the val. of 154, is in thepresb. of Had- dington, in the patron, of Lord Blantyre. There is a Free church for Bolton and Salton. BOLTON, a tnshp. in the par. of Edlingham, ward of Coquetdale, in the co. of Northumberland, 5 miles to river Alne, and was the site of an hospital founded Defore the year 1225 by Robert do Roos, of Wark, and riven at the Dissolution to the Collingwoods, of Esling- rey assembled his forces, numbering about 26,000 men, preparatory to the final decisive conflict with the Scotch invaders, which took place on the 13th of that month at Flodden. BOLTON, a chplry. in the par. of Morland, West ward, in the co. of Westmoreland, 4 miles to the N.W. of Appleby, its post town, and 1 from the Kirkby Thoro station of the Eden Valley railway. It is situated on a small stream, a branch of the river Eden, the latter being crossed, about a mile from the village, by a chain-bridge, erected in 1816. Bewley Castle, an old mansion, now a farmhouse, near Bolton, was formerly a seat of the bishops of Carlisle. The living is a perpet. cur.* in the dioc. of Carlisle, of the val. of 90, in the patron, of the Vicar of Morland. The church is dedicated to All Saints. There is a chapel belonging to the Wesleyans, and a free school with an income from endowment by several persons of 16 per annum. Other charitable endowments of the chplry. produce about 4 a year. BOLTON, a tnshp. in the par. of Bishop-Wilton, wap. of Harthill, in the East Riding of the co. of York, 2 miles to the N.W. of Pocklington. It extends also into the lib. of St. Peter of York. Bolton Hall is the principal residence. BOLTON, a tnshp. in the par. of Calverley, wap. of Morley, in the West Riding of the co. of York, 2 miles to the N. of Bradford. Hodgson Fold, Low Fold, and Out Lane, are limits, included in this tnshp. The principal employment of the people is the woollen manu- facture. BOLTON ABBEY, a tnshp. in the par. of Skipton, wap. of Staincliffe and Ewcross, in the West Riding of the co. of York, 6 miles to the N.E. of Skipton, its post town. It is situated in a district abounding in picturesque scenery, on the banks of the river Wharfe, and is chiefly interesting as the site of a priory, of which there are extensive and beautiful remains. The priory, originally founded at Embsay, a village about 4 miles distant, by William de Meschines and Cicely his wile, in 1121, was removed to Bolton about 1154, by their daughter Adeliza. It was for canons of the Augustine order, and had a revenue at the Dissolution of 302. The site was given in 1543 to Henry Clifford, Earl of Cumberland, from whose family it passed by marriage about a century afterwards to the Burlingtons, and subsequently to the Cavendishes. The manor is now held by the Duke of Devonshire. A Carmelite monas- tery is also said to have existed here. The living is a perpet. cur. in the dioc. of Ripon, of the val. of 111, in the patron, of the Duke of Devonshire. The church, which was part of the old conventual church, is dedicated to SS. Mary and Cuthbert. Here is a free grammar school, founded about 1700 by the Hon. Robert Boyle, which has an income from endowment of 104 per annum. There are some other charities of small value. Bolton Park is an occasional residence of the Duke of Devonshire. The house was originally a gate-house of the priory. The ruins of the priory, consisting chiefly of the walls of the church, partly in the Norman style, stand on a level spot surrounded by rising grounds, on a find bend of the " Crystal Wharfe." Fair meadows, dotted with noble elms, ash, and othtx trees, abrupt masses of lock overhanging the river, hills covered with rich old woods, and in the distance wild moorlauds, are
 * reet.*
 * ho N.W. of Alnwick. It is seated on the banks of the
 * on. At this place in September, 1513, the Earl of Sur-