Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/313

Rh BODIGRE'R- ABBOT. 303 BODMIN. S.E. Ruthin. The name signifies " house of Idris," Mid t tnshp. contains an old mansion, tho seat of the Most s, which formerly belonged to a chief named BCIGRE'R-ABBOT, and BODIGRE'R-YARLL, tnshi: in the par. of Llanarmon, hund. of Yale, in ilir Ruth ) N'GEN, a tnshp. in the par. of Ysceifiog, hund. of lf.1 Idlan, in tho co. of Flint, North Wales, 3 miles r Holy well. BOINNOCK, a hmlt. in tho par. of Lanteglos-by- liund. of West, in tho co. of Cornwall, 5 miles . of Lostwitliiel. j;i ' LES, a hmlt. in tho par. of Bentley-with-Arkscy, ^trafforth and Tickhill, in the West Hiding of tho ilc, a miles to the N. of Doncaster. The Great 1 way runs by it, with a station at Arlcsey. EOLITH, a tnshp. m tho par. of Llansilin, hund. k, in the en. of Denbigh, North Wales, 7 miles ,E. nf I luvk. . I. i:Vy]>l>AN, a tnshp. in tho par. of St. Asaph, lilmddlan, in tho co. of Flint, North Wales, '', ' the W. of St. Asaph. The principal mansion wyddaii House, the si>;il of Sir ,1. II. Williams, e lamily it ha.-, belonged since the reign <>f 11., when tlie estate was bought by Williams, of the House of Commons. The gardens !'. (In- hmise an 1 remarkably beautiful. '. BOLY1I AN, a tnshp. in the pur. of Bettws-yn-Rhos, i Is.lulas, in the co. of Denbigh, North Wales,
 * co. ot Denbigh, North Wales, 5 miles to the S.E. of
 * iie S.W. of Abcrgele.

1 ' I. V M ; 1 1 A U AD ISAF and UCH AF, tnshps. in . of Llanfwrog, hund. of liuthin, in the co. of Vales, not far from Ruthin. 'I IN, a par. and market town, municipal and ntary borough, in tho hund. of Trigg, in the co. vail, 20 miles to the N.E. of Truro, and 234 .m London. The town is about 5 miles from the I if >ad" station of the Cornwall and West Corn- 1 . It is now the county town of Cornwall. le of (he place the first syllable of which, is I hi' same tlial is found in many names of . c., ::' Wales, and Mgnilie.s " house" or " aljodo " rtened from the ancient fonn found in the char-, '. nor linsiiiiiMi, signifying " house of monka." form also occurs liosi'enna, or " houses on tho 'he plea >nt valley in which the town stands at arly period attracted religious recluses. St. vhose settlement here is assigned to the early he 6th century, is said to have found St. Guron e.-iding on tho spot, and to have enlarged and ' his hermitage for tho abode of himself and his) >UB, vho had r. solved to live after tho rule ol diet. St. Pet roc died and was interred here i; middle of the Gth century. The house he appears to have existed till tho 10th century by a few brethren ot the order. In the yeai liory of the Benedictine order was founded by heUtan on or near the site of the ancient house tj priory continued to exist, and was occupiec . ; ictsion by various religious orders and classe is, It appears to have been in a nourishing at tin; time of the Norman survey, when ',r possessed several important privileges. Hi the profits of a market and fair, and had, pro ith hu pillory and his gallows, the power of in lie punishment of death. Early in tho 1211 -t e order, by one Algar, with the royal licence ' < of Warlewas, Bishop of Exeter. Tho esta t flourished from that time till the Dissolution <]
 * i disused for a time, and appropriated to secular
 * ;t>li8hm

i
 * with 1

, ho monastery was refounded, for monks of tht revenue amounted to about 290. Its posses t lien given to Thomas Sternhold, joint autho pkius of the earliest metrical version of th i 1'nglish. The opinion of Borlase, author o tiquities of Cornwall," that Bodmin was th if tho bishops of Cornwall, and that it was their residence through the 10th century, until the destruc- ion of the town, with tho monastery and the church, by ao Danish invaders in 981, the see being then transferred o St. German's, has been stoutly controverted by other ,ntiquarian inquirers. Exeter became the head of tho liocese about the middle of tho llth century, previously o which the bishopric was named, sometimes from he county, sometimes from both tho towns of St. Ger- man's and Bodmin. A town, the abode of busy men, lad grown up around the secluded haunt of tho monks tho Norman Conquest. It increased rapidly iftcr that event, and was at an early period a place of argo population and no little importance. It was visited >y the terrible plague which desolated Europe in tho middle of tho 14th century, and according to William of Worcester, who cites the Grey Friars' church registry, not fewer than 1,600 of tho inhabitants perished of the jestilenco in 1351. It was from Bodmin that Perkin Warbcck, the pretender, in 1196, ledaforceof 3,000 men, vhich lie had mustered here, to the attack of Exeter. Two years afterwards, when the Cornish men rose in nsurreetion, they chose for their leaders Flammoc, a awyer, and Joseph, a farrier, of this town. Joined iy another body of insurgents, and headed by Lord Audley, tlvy marched into Kent. They were defeated it Blackheath by tho royal forces under tho Earl of Oxford, and their three leader* were put to death. Uodmin, with many other towns, fell into decay in ,ho 16th century, and a special Act was passed in the 32nd of Henry VIII. for their restoration. During tin: pressure and straitness of that period a serious insurrection took place in tho county, when 10,000 ( '"rnish men encamped at Castle Kynock, near Bodmin. The new religion bore the blame of tho general dis- tress, and the insurgents, who fought for the re-esta- blishment of tho old system, laid siege to Exeter, which suffered severely. They were at last defeated and the town relieved by Lord Russell. The mayor of Bodmin was hung by tho provost-marshal, Sir Anthony Kingston, after having entertained him at dinner. Bodmin was not garrisoned during the civil war of tho 17th century; but was in tho possession alternately of royalists and parliamentarians until 1646, when it was finally taken by General Fairfax. Bodmin, which occupies a nearly central position in tho county, is situated in a pleasant valley, in a range of hills running N.E. andij.W., separating tho valley of the river Camel on the N. from that of the Fowey on tho S. There is much fine scenery in the surrounding country. The town has one principal street about a mile long. It contains many ancient houses, as well as many hand- some modern buildings. It is well paved and lighted, and has a plentiful supply of water. There is a hand- A- market-house, built of granite, a county assize hall, a county gaol, and a lunatic asylum. No impor- tant manufacture is carried on in the town. Bone-lace was formerly made here, and now many hands are em- ployed in the slim! trade, and some in tho woollen and yarn manufacture. Bodmin received its first charter of incorporation from Richard, Earl of Cornwall, in the 12th century ; whose grant was several times confirmed and enlarged. Under the Reform Act tho government of tho borough is vested in a mayor, 4 aldermen, and 12 councillors, with the style of the " mayor and burgesses of the borough of Bodmiii." The borough has returned two members to parliament since the reivn of Kdward 1., by whom the franchise was lirst conferred on it. Tho limits of the parliamentary borough greatly exceed those of tho municipal, including tho neighbouring pars. nt ll'illand, l.anliydroek, and Lanivet, with a popula- tion of 6,uHl. The mayor is the returning oflieer. The municipal borough has a revenue of about <>.jo, and, according to t >t' 1861, consists of 7 US houses, inhabited by a population of 4,466, against 4,327 in 1851, showing an increase of 139 in tho decennial period. Bodmin is the seat of a Poor-law Union and a County Court district; a polling place and place of election for the eastern division of tho county. The courts of assize and quarter session are held here. The town