Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/299

Rh BLACKWALL. 289 BLACKWELL. hund. of Winkley, North Tawton, and Wonford; on the the S. by the huud. of Lifton, and on the W. by the co. of Cornwall. It contains the following pars.:— Abbots-Bickington, Ashbury, Ashwater, Beaworthy, Belstone, Black-Torrington, Bradford, Bradworthy, Broadwood-Kelly, Clawton, Cookbury, Exbourne, St. Giles-on-the-Heath, Harwell, Hatherleigh, High-Hampton, Hollacombe, Holsworthy, Honeychurch, Inwardleigh, Jacobstowe, Lufincott, Milton Damerell, Monkokehampton, Northlew, Panerasweek, North Petherw, West Putford, Pyworthy, Sampford-Courtney, Sutcombe, Tetcott, Thombury, and Wellington, with parts of Boyton, Bridgerule, and Okehampton. This hund. comprises an area of about 141,600 acres.

BLACKWALL, a district in the par. of Poplar, Tower div of hund. of Ossulstoue, and borough of the Tower Hamlets, in the co. of Middlesex, 4 miles to the E. of St .Paul's. It is connected with the metropolis by a railway terminating in Fenchurch-street. A branch line runs the Stepney station to Bow on the Great Eastern railway, forming part of the North London railway; and near Blackwall the North-Western and Docks Junction Railway meets it. The Blackwall railway, which is carried along a viaduct for about 2½ miles, ipleted in 1841, at a cost of 288,200 per mile, and was worked till 1849 by stationary engines and a wire. Locomotive engines are now employed. Blackwall is situated on the north bank of the Thames, on Blackwall Reach, where the river Lea falls into it, and is the site of the East India Company's Docks, seve-eral extensive shipyards, iron-foundries, and other important establishments connected with the shipping trade. The East India Docks, which were constructed under the superintendence of Rennie, and were completed in 1806, are at the east end of the district, near the Mast House, and comprise import and export docks, and an entrance basin. The import, or inner dock, covers an area of 18 acres; the export, or outer dock, originally covered between 9 and 10 acres, but was subsequently enlarged, and the basin comprises 3 acres. The water in the docks runs a depth of 30 feet. A lofty wall surrounds them, and expensive ranges of warehouses and offices stand within. The railway terminus occupies the space between the docks and the Brunswick wharf and pier, near which the Brunswick White Bait tavern. The quay of the Trinity Board is at the mouth of the river Lea. The living a chplry. belonging to the East India Company, of the of 500, in the patron, of the directors. Blackwall Reach is that part of the river Thames which lies between Greenwich Reach and Bugsby Reach.

BLACKWATER, a name common to several rivers and small streams in the three kingdoms, including five in Ireland, three in Scotland, and three in England. The most important are the following:—1. The Blackwater, next to the Shannon the principal river of Ireland, having its source on the borders of the co. of Kerry, among the Kcngassoy and Knockauadune mountains, runs eastward through the co. of Cork to Cappoquiu in Waterford, were it bends to the south, and falls into the sea at ough It passes in its course Mill Street, Mallow, Fermoy and Lismore, and receives the waters of several tributary streams, mostly on its northern bank, the chief of which are the Bride, the Allua, theA-wbeg (Spenser's gentle Mulla "), the Funcheon, the Araghlin, and the inik. The river has a bar at its mouth, and it is not navigable except by barges, far beyond Youghal. Its its length is about 90 miles. The country lying to the South of the Blackwater is mountainous, and the scenery along the banks of the river is beautiful and interesting, There are many noble seats, rich woods, and remains of ancient castles and ecclesiastical buildings. The river abounds in salmon, and some pearl mussels have been found in it  2.—The Blackwater, a river in Ireland, which rises on the south border of the co. of Tyrone, and run- ning first to the eastward, then south-eastward, bends above edon to the north-east, and falls into Lough which it enters at its south-western extremity, a little distance from the Bann. It passes Clogher, Augher, Aughnaloy, Caledon, and Benburb, Blackwatertown,

and Charlemont, where it reaches the Ulster canal. It receives several small tributaries, and has a fall of nearly 300 feet. Its length is between 40 and 50 miles. This river has some historical interest as the old boundary between the country of the O'Nials and the English pale.—3. The Blackwater, a river in Ireland, rising in the eastern part of the co. of Cavan, runs in a south- easterly direction to Kelts, in the co. of Meath, passing through Lough Ramor, and to Navan, where it joins the river Boyne. It has a course of about 40 miles.—4, 5. The other two rivers bearing this name in Ireland are in the cos. of Longford and Wexford; the former being a branch of the Shannon, which it joins near Lanesborough, and the latter falling into the sea at Bannow Bay.—The Scottish streams of this name are one in the co. of Forfar, a branch of the river Isla ; one in the oo.of Kirkcudbright, a branch of the river Ken ; and one in the Isle of Arran. The principal English Blackwater is in the co. of Essex. It rises in the north-west corner of the co., not far from Saffron Walden and the border of Cambridgeshire. Its course is south-easterly, by the towns of Braintree, Coggleshall, and Witham, where it is joined by the river Brain, to Maldon, at which place the river Chelmer meets it. The united streams expand into a large estuary, and fall into the German Ocean. The Black- water has a course of about 30 miles.—The same name is borne by a small stream in Dorsetshire and Hamp- shire, a branch of the Stour, and by another running along the borders of Hampshire, Berkshire, and Surrey, a branch of the river Loddon.

BLACKWATER, a vil. in the par. and hund. of Christchurel, in the co. of Southampton, 2 miles from Christchurch. It is on the border of Dorsetshire, on the banks of the small river Black-water.

BLACKWATER, a vil. in the par. of Yateley, and hund. of Crondall, in the co. of Southampton, near Yateley. It is a station on the Reading branch of the South-Eastern railway. The village is seated on the confines of Surrey and Berkshire, on the banks of the small river Blackwater, which is crossed by a bridge. In the immediate neigbourhood is Sandhurst College. The Baptists have a chapel in the village. A cattle fair is held here annually on the 8th September.

BLACKWATER, a vil. in the par. of Kilcrohane, bar. of Dunkerron, in the co. of Kerry, prov. of Munster, Ireland, 6 miles to the W. of Kenmare. It is situated on the west bank of the river, from which it takes its name. In the vicinity is Blackwater Cottage. The banks of the river are steep and well-wooded, and the scenery around is remarkably picturesque. The Blackwater has a course of about 8 miles from Lough Brinn to the Kenmare river. A bridge of two arches crosses it by the village.

BLACKWATER, a vil. in the bar. of Ballaghkeen, in the co. of Wexford, prov. of Leinster, Ireland, 12 miles to the N.E. of Wexford. It is situated on the sea-coast, and has a police force and a coastguard stationed in it. Fairs are held in the village on the 25th March, the 12th May, the 1st June, the 10th August, and the 10th November.

BLACKWATERBRIDGE, a hmlt. in the bar. of Moyfenrath, in the co. of Meath, prov. of Leinster, Ireland, 3 miles from Innfield. It is on the confines of the co. of Kildare, on the banks of the Blackwater rivulet.

BLACKWATERTOWN, a vil. in the par. of Clonfeacle, bar. and co. of Armagh, prov. of Ulster, Ireland, 2 miles to the S. of Charlemont, and 85 miles to the N. of Dublin. It is seated on the east bank of the river Blackwater, opposite the vil. of Clonfeacle, with which it is connected by a bridge of three arches. The Ulster canal passes close by this place. The village was the scene of several attacks and skirmishes during the rebellion of the Earl of Tyrone, when a garrison was stationed here. A good export trade is earned on in corn and potatoes, coal and .timber being imported. A National school, a chapel belonging to the Wesleyans, and a dispensary are in the village.

BLACKWELL, a tnshp. in the par. of Darlington, Darlington ward, in the co. palatine of Durham, 1 mile