Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/209

Rh BASHALL-EAVES. 199 BASINGSTOKE. Leek. It lies near the Uttoxeter canal and the river ( irnet, a branch of the Dove. Basforil Hall is the p icipal mansion. 5ASHALL-EAVES, a tnshp. in the par. of Mitton, vitern div. of the wup. of Staincliffe and Ewcross, in t! West Riding of the co. of York, 2 miles to the NV. of Clitheroe. It is situated on the confines of 1 icashire, and was at an early period the seat of the 1 bots and Lacys. tASILDON, a chplry. in the par. of Laindon, and h id. of Barstable, in the co. of Essex, 4 miles to the Si. of Billerieay. The living is a rect., united with tit of Laindon, in the dioc. of Rochester. The church i.- rdicated to the Holy Cross. iASILDON, or BASSILDON, a par. in the hund. of A rcton, in the co. of Berks, 7 miles to the N. W. of lading. It is pleasantly situated on the south-west I) k of the river Thames, on the Groat Western rail- > ,'. Two churches were in existence here at the period .he Norman Conquest, and the privilege of a market s granted to the town by Edward II. The living is a ic.* in the dioc. of London, of the val., with the C|. of Ashampstcad, which is annexed to it, of 255, in tl patron, of Sir F. W. Sykes, Bart., and C. Simeon, 1 [. The church is dedicated to St. Bartholomew. i TO is a school with a small endowment. Basildon I k, about 3 miles in circuit, and containing much I) utiful scenery, is the seat of the Sykes family. 5ASING, or OLD BASING, a par. and considerable v in the hund., div., Union, and County Court district t'Husingstoke, in the co. of Southampton, 2 miles to t '. N.E. of Basingstoke, and 44 miles from London by tl South Western railway, which, as well as the Berks ol Hants railway, passes through tho parish. It is seated on the river Loddon and the Basingstoke canal. 'Jis place was tho scene of the victory gained by the Ines, in 871, over Ethelred I. and Alfred. At the >nnan Conquest it was the head of the numerous lord- s' ps given by the Conqueror to Hugh de Foil, from v om the Paulets are descended. Basing Castle was r uilt by Sir William Paulet, treasurer of the house- hd to Henry VIII., and first Marquis of Winchester, vo had the honour of receiving Queen Elizabeth there iiloGO. The queen was again a guest at the castle in lil. The siege and defence of Basing House forms o : of the most striking and memorable episodes of the I 1 war in the reign of Charles I. It was held for the 1 g by John, the fifth marquis, and bravely defended tuinst the attacks of the parliamentary forces for above t > years, from August, 1643, to October, 1645. It was t u stormed by Cromwell and burnt to the ground. 'Jo words, Aiincz hyaulte, which, by order of the mar- < s, were cut on every window, have become the family r tto. Of the magnificent fortress, which, with its out- ^rks, covered above 14 acres, nothing remains but a t chouse and a fragment of the wall. The personal ] jperty destroyed with the castle was estimated at .iUO.OOO, equal to 1,000,000 in these days. The noble rquis lived till the Restoration, but received no recom- ) ise for his losses. During the latter part of his life 1 resided at Engleficld, in Berkshire, and was buried i the parish church, where the following epitaph, from pen of Dryden, is inscribed to his memory : lie who in impious times undaunted stood,

d 'midst rebellion durst bo just and good Vhose arms asserted, and whose sufferings more Confirmed the cause for which ho fought before i Jests here : rewarded by a heavenly Prince for what his earthly could not recompense. Pray, reader, that such times no more appear ; tr, if they happen, learn true honour here. rk of this age's faith and loyalty, Vliich, to preserve them, Heaven confined in thee, l^ew subjects could a king like thine deserve,

d fewer such a king so well could serve. iBlest king, blest subject, whose exalted state By sufferings rose, and gave the law to fate, iuch souls are rare ; but mighty patterns given To earth, and meant for ornaments to Heaven." Nor was it only by tho Cavaliers that tliu marquis was loved and honoured, for while Dryden thus sings in praise of his loyalty and truth, Milton, the first of epic poets, and Latin secretary to the Commonwealth, no less eloquently extols the home virtues and loveliness of his countess, Jane, the accomplished daughter of Lord Savage, in the epitaph which he wrote on occasion of tier dying in her confinement : " Summers three times eight, save one, She had told ; alas ! too soon, After so short a time of breath, To house with darkness and with death. Gentle lady, may thy grave Peace and quietness ever have." The site of the castle is now crossed by tho canal. Tho living of Basing is a vie., united with that of Basingstoke, in the dioc. of Winchester. The church, an ancient and spacious edifice, contains several monu- ments of the Paulets, and is dedicated to St. Mary. The charitable endowments of the parish amount to 51 per annum. Hackwood Hall, about 2 miles from Ba- sing, is the seat of Lord Westbury, and belongs to Lord Bolton, the present representative of the Paulet family. BASINGSTOKE HUNDRED, one of the 48 hunds. or subdivisions of the co. of Southampton, situated in the northern div. of the co., and bounded on the N. by the hund. of Holdshott, on the E. by those of Holdshott and Odiham, on the S. by the hund. of Bermondspit, and on tho W. by the hunds. of Overton and Chuteley. It con- tains the following pars. : In the upper part of the hund., Basing, Cliddesden, Eastrop, Maplederwell, Nately-Scures, Nately Upper, Newnham, Tunworth, and Winslade; and in the lower part, Bramley, Pamber, Sherborne St. John, Sherborne Monk, Shcrfield-on-Lod- don, Wootton St. Lawrence, and Worting. The hund. extends over an area of 26,330 acres. BASINGSTOKE-INFRA-HUNDRED, one of the 48 hunds. or subdivisions of the co. of Southampton, situ- ated in the northern div. of the co., and wholly sur- rounded by the hund. of Basingstoke. It contains the par. of Basingstoke and part of Basing, and has an area of 3,970 acres. BASINGSTOKE, a par., market-town, and municipal borough, in the hund. of Basingstoke-Infra-Hundred, in the co. of Southampton, 19 miles to tho N.E. of Win- chester, 46 miles to the S.W. of London by the old road, and 48 by railway. It is a station on the London and South- Western railway, and is connected with the Great Western railway by a branch line from Reading. Basing- stoke is a very ancient town, being referred to in Domesday Book as a royal manor, which had never paid tax or been distributed into hides, with the privilege of a market worth 30s. It is there named Basingtoches. The conjecture that at an earlier period the town was of inferior rank to Basing is founded on the addition " stoke," signifying hamlet. It is seated in a fertile and beautiful country, with fine woods and rich pasture land, near the source of the river Loddon, which flows by the town, and is called tho Town Brook. The houses are well built, the streets paved and lighted with gas, and there is a good supply of water. The trade of the town has long been exten- sive and flourishing, owing, in great measure, to its situation at the junction of lour railways, and the meet- ing of five important roads. The woollen manufacture was at one tune carried on here, and the place obtained a name for its druggets and shalloons ; but this manu- facture is almost extinct. Its chief trade now is in corn, malt, coal, and timber, the facilities for carrying on which are materially increased by its having a ready communication with London by means of the Basing- stoke canal and the Berks and Hants canal, besides tho South Western and Great Western railways. Here is an extensive brewery and foundiy. Basingstoke re- ceived a charter of incorporation from James I., which was confirmed by Charles I. The government of the town is now vested, under the Reform Act, in a mayor, 4 aldermen, and 12 councillors. A large and handsome