Page:The National Gazetteer - A Topographical Dictionary of the British Islands, Volume 1.djvu/112

Rh AS1IBOLM 102 ASUBURTON. Lady's Chair," the " Twelve Apostles," ic. The houses ore nearly all built of red brick, the directs are paved, and lighted with gas, and there in a good supply of At thi' houth-wcst.-ni extremity of tho town is the railway station, and at the N.E. is an open space ig tho market-place. Tho principal occupations are tho cotton and lace manufacture, malting and cheose- making. Iron is obtained at Thorp Cloud Hill. Tho numerous fairs hrM IPTO torui an important part i business of tho i ro is a reading and news- room, a savings-bank, and a house of correction, i . in 1844, containing 4 cells. Potty sessions are held > Saturday, and polling for tho southern division of tie- county takes place here. Tiio town is the seatof a County Court district and a Poor-law Union, which embraces 61 parishes. Tho m.-w union workhouse, which was com- pleted in 1856, stands on an elevated spot colled Chmvh Banks. Tho town is not incorporated, but is gov under a recent Act of Parliament by tho church wardens and overseers. Tho living is a vie.* in the dioc. of Lichfiold, vol. with tho rect. of Maplcton St. Mary, 304,
 * patron, of tho bishop. Tho church ia dodi.

to St. Oswald. It was erected in 1241, by Ilugh de Patishall, Bishop of Coventry, and is a large structure in tho form of a cross, with a square tower surmu by a lofty octagonal spire, ribbed with ball flower mouldings, and rising to tho height of 212 f.-et. This spire, which is remarkably elegant, is known as the do of tho Peak," and contains an ancient sanctug bell, in addition to the peal of eight bells in tho tower. The church is mostly in tho early English style, and has many monuments of tho Cockaincs, Bradbums, and Boothbys. Tho marble tomb of Penelope, only child of Sir Brooke and Dame Susanna Boothby is much ad- mired. It was executed by Banks, in 1791. The church was restored in 1845. There are besides three district churches one at the village of Alsop-le-Dale, am. OUT at Hulland, and a third at Clifton ; the latter is dedicated to tho Holy Trinity, and was erected in 1845. The livings of all are perpet. curs, of small value. The Primitive and Wesleyon Methodists, and Lady Hunt- ingdon's Connexion have places of worship in the town. A free grammar school was founded hero by Sir Thomas Cockaine, William Bradburn, and others, in 1585, the present revenue of which is 214. There are free schools for 30 boys and 30 girls, established and endowed by Mr. Spolden, in 1710, with 10 a year each. To the same benefactor the town owes its almshouses for four widows of clergymen, and ten almshouses for poor persons, with an income of 222 per annum. There are also almshouses founded and endowed by B. Owli. 1.1. John Cooper, Mr. Pegg, and others. The parochial charities amount altogether to 943. Ashbonruu Hall, the ancient scat of tho Cpckaines and Boothbys, is now the residence of Captain Holland, K.N. Aahbourne Green Hall and Ashbourne Grove are the other principal residences. The cottage in which Moore was residing at the time of the composition of " Lalla Rookh " is not far from Ashbounie. There is a stone bridge over th Dove. Tho river is noted for its excellent trout and grayling. The market is held on Saturday. Fairs are Held for the sale of hones, cattle, and wares of m my lands, on the first Tuesday in January, th.- l..:h IVlI- ruary, the secon i .a -March, the 3rd April, the last Thursday in April, dm 21st Slay, the 6th July, tin; 16th August, tho 20th September, tie third Monday in September, the 20th N md tho 15th December. There is a Urge sale of cheese at tho fair in March ami on the third Monday in September, and of wool at the July fair. The steeple-chase takes place the first w. ASHl:U;M-:, si vil. in tho par. of Killogland, bar. ..f lutoath, in tho co. of Meath, prov. of I,. land, 6 miles to th- !'. of Dunshanglin. A castle for- i which there are some remains. racecourse. ..n thii 6th January, the Kith April, tho 21s 1 ' uly, and the 31st October. Newborn is tho principal residence. ASIIB1UTTLK, a par. in the huml. of Milvcrton, in tho co. of : "' ^- "< Wellington. It is situated n. .ir tin Western canal, and coi.: tytlig. of Grecnliam. Tho living is a rect. in tho di of Bath and Wells val. 450, in the patron, of J. Q-J Esq. The church is dedicated to Si. .1 -.1 .:. : A fair U held on tin- 2-Vth 1-Vhruary. ASlIliHOOK. Nre AMI-SKT ST. MAIIY, Glow hire. . siIBROOK, a small par. in the 00. of Kill prov. of Leinster, Ireland. Flower, Viscouii: takes his title from this place, and has a scat, ( '.istlo Durrow, li ASHBL'KXHAM, a par. in the hund. ot and rape of Hastings, in tho co. of Sussex, 4 miles tn th- V. nf Kittle, its post town. The living is a vie.* in the dioc. of Chichestcr, vaL with tho rect. ot I '. n 307, in tho patron, of the Earl of Ashbumham. The church is dedicated to St. James. It contains som< monuments in tho chancel of the Ashbumham family. Belies of Charles I., consisting of his watch, piven to John Ashburnham on tho scaffold, his shirt and drawers, and tho sheet that covered hisbody.are preserved in thu vestry. Ashburnham Place, the seat of the Karl, is a spacious modern hall in a fine park, on the coast 0V isey Bay. It contains some valuable pictures by Vandyke, Lely, and other artists. This parish gives f title of earl and boron to tho family of the same name. ASHBUETON, a par., market town, municipal parliamentary borough in the southern div. of the hu of Teignbridge, in the co. of Devon, 18 miles to the S.W. of Exeter, and 192 miles from London by ro.. 221 by rail. The river Yeo flows through the town, and tho South Devon railway posses within 7 miles of it lias a station at Newton. It is a very ancient ] having been a Roman settlement, tad belonged I. crown at the Conquest. It was afterwards confcri the See of Exeter. In 1310, a grant of a weekly market and an annual fair was procured for the town by Bishop Staplcton. By a charter of Edward III., grant. 1328, Ashburton was constituted a stannary town. In the civil war it was held first by the royalists, hut was afterwards taken by Fairfax. The town, which is well i, and lighted with gas, is situated about a mil* from tlie river Dart, in the midst of a rich mineral dis- trict, and is within the bounds of the i i 'orn- wall. It was formerly the seat of tho Stannary < Tho principal streets are North, South, East, and West -. The houses are well built, some of stone, and are roofed with slate, which is quarried in : ..xl. It is a borough by prescription, but not under tho Municipal Corporation Act, and is governed by a p<.itn eve, builili', constable, and other o rcturi to parliaii ill the reign of Edward I., and again in the reign of 11. MIT IV. privilege was restored in 1640, and exorcised thenceforward til: :in Bill; since which it has returned one representative. The portreeve is returning r. Tho bounds of tho borough and of thv parish are co-ext. IIMV. , including 6,936 acres, and a p<.pu: of 3,062, according to the census of 18Gl,agu;: is.il, sh.iv.. iso of 370 in the decennial period, principally owing to emigration. The manufact serge for tho East India Company, which was tho jirin.-i- p.il branch of industry, and employed GOO looms, is still 1 mi, but t.. a much smaller extent than foru The value of tho yearly produce of these looms was estimated at 100,000. Tin: tin and copper mines. morly celebrated, ore still worked. There are fulling- mills, and mills for spinning yam, two blanket u factories, two curriers, and a market garden. Tho living is a vie.* in tho dioo. of Kxoter, val. with the cti lliekingtoa and Bvokluid-in-the-Hoor, 639, in Che mandril. i tor. The church, which was collegiate, is dedicated to St. Andrew, a cruciform budding, ith a. i.ti >1 t..wer '.'I fn-t luu-h, in th The chancel has several Mall-*. AIIIMUL;;; t the Dunning! is th John Dunning, tho gr< .' ! iw. r, who took the tr