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 April, 1873.] ABHINANDA THE GAUDA. 105 fifty years. Three sons of this king, Chandra* pida, Tarapida, and Lalitaditya, successively occupied the throne. C h a n d r a- pida, the eldest of them, is stated to have reigned eight years and eight months. He was murdered by his brother Tarapida, who enjoyed the fruits of his crime during four years, one month, and six days. The latter was suc¬ ceeded by Lalitaditya, one of the most powerful kings of Kashmir, whoso reign extend¬ ed over more than thirty-six years. It was under this latter prince that Saktisvamin held office. For M u k t a p i d a is only another name of Lalitaditya. Since the truth of this latter fact has not, as far as I know, been recognized, and Lassen, on the contrary, declares Muktapida and Lalitaditya to bo two different persons,* I may briefly state the grounds on which my statement is based.' Firstly, Kalhana, who in the beginning of the fourth book of the RsYjata- rangini gives the series of kings as exhibited above, viz. Durlabhavardhana,Durla- b h a k a—P ratapadity a,Chandrapida, Tarapida, Lalitaditya, in his resume of the history of Kashmir, VIII. 25256 seqq., uses the following words : Baladityasya jamata tato durlabhavardhanah I 2525 | Silnurdurlabhakas tasya chandrapidobhavat tatah • Tarapidonujanmasya muktapidosya chanujah I 2526 | BhApuvastam kuvalayapido dvaimaturosya cha I Vajradityah sutauf rajno muktapidasya tatsutan “The son-in-law of Ba 1 a di ty a, Dur- labhavardhana, followed next. His son was Durlabhaka; then followed Chandra¬ pida, (then) his younger brother Tarapida, and (next) his (the latter’s) junior, Mukt a- pida. Kings were next Kuvalayapi da and his half-brother V ajraditya, the sons of King Mukt&pida. The sons of him (i.e. Vajraditya) were,” &c. In this passage the name Lalitaditya does not occur at all, but in its stead Mukta¬ pida. J This ' wife ’ was Narendrnprabh A, who, originally mar¬ ried to a VAniA called Nona, had been ceded by her husband to King PratApAditya. Her position seems to have been rather that of a favourite concubine than that of a legiti¬ mate wife: see verse 40. Secondly, a passage of the fourth Taranga, in which the sons of Durlabhaka-Pratapaditya are enumerated, shows likewise, if rightly inter¬ preted, that the two names designate the same person. We read Raj. IV. 39—43 : Kramena cha prajupunyais chandrapidabhidham sutam | Prasoslita parthivavadhtir nidlianamiva medi- ni u 39 | Tasyabhijanamalinyam svachchhair aclichedi tadgunaih I Sanasmakakanaih karshnyam akarottham ma- neriva | 40 0 Dhumad gadhamalimasachchhuchi payah silte ghanasyodgamo Lohasyatisitasya jatir achalat kunthasmama- lam ayat | Kimchatyantajadajjalad dyutimato jvuladhvaja- syodbhavo Janmavadhyanukarino na mahatam satyam sva- bhavah kvachit || 41 || Tarapidopi tanayah kramfit tasyim ajayata | Avimuktapirlanama muktapidopi bhfipateh|| 42 || Vajradityodayaditya lalitadityasamjiiakah | Pratapadityajah khyataschandrapidadayopi te II 43 || “ And, in course of time, the wife of the kingj bore, in consequence of the subjects’ merit, a son called Chandrapida, just as the earth (brings forth) a treasure. 40. The uncleanness of his descent was de¬ stroyed by his pure qualities, just as the black¬ ness attaching to the diamond when it comes out of the mine (is destroyed) by the particles of the polishing-stone. 41. The rainy season produces clear water from deep-black smoke-like mist; very bright metals come as dull ore from the mountain. (?) Besides, the resplendent fire is produced from the exceedingly dull water. Forsooth, the na¬ ture of great (persons or things) does not de¬ pend on their origin. 42. From that (queen) were born, succes¬ sively, a (second) son of the king, called Tara¬ pida, and (a third) M u k t a p i d a §, whose name (ought to have been) Avimuktapi- da, ie., he whose diadem is never taken off. 43. These sons of Pratapaditya are § Mukt A pida might be interpreted to mean, ‘ he whose diadem is taken off.’ Hence Kalhana, bearing iu mind the greatness of this ruler, says ‘ his name ought to have been AvimuktApida. The proper translation of Muk- tApida is, however, ‘ ho whose diadem contains pearls.’
 * 2527 |.
 * Lassen, Ind. Alt. III. 992 seqq. + Sato—Calc, edition.