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 Oct. 4, 1872.]

297

THE NYAYARUSUMANJALI.

These pillars are partly hewn in situ, and partly built up of separate pieces, and on their plaster

I crept in through a breach in the wall of the sculptured vihara, my men following. However

ed surface and that of the side walls are several

this, and two more beyond it, are similar in

paintings of Buddha, either seated or standing, always supported by the lotus, crowned with an

character to the first cave under the fall.

aureole, and overshadowed by a triple umbrella. The colours are brighter than any now at

probably there were one or two small ones above, approached by passages the remains of which

Ajañtā. I could find no inscriptions but some scratches on the plaster, which I do not believe to be ancient, and some flaring red paint

come down in a common mass of ruins, destroy ing the upper caves, and blocking up the lower

letters recording the visit of Dr. Bhau Daji and

On 6 S.

Mr. Somebody Garūd of Dhoolia. The next cave is a vihara and very curious. The cells

unable to find it.

are divided by pilasters having each a capital

former days reported on by Mr. Rose, C.S.,

something like a wool sack or a ship's rope fender, carved in so intricate a pattern that at first I mistook them for inscriptions. Above this capital each plaster has a separate pair of animals. The first are humped bulls, the second winged griffins, the third winged dogs, the fourth winged horses, the fifth winged ante

a copy of whose report is given in Dr. J.

Wilson’s “Second Memoir on the Cave Temples” in the Bombay Asiatic Society's Journal (vol. IV. p. 357-359). They have been visited by Dr. Bhau Daji, but that learned Orientalist has not, I think, published the result of his research es. The local legend of Bhawāni hunting the

lopes, the sixth elephants and the seventh winged

Daityas into the rock points, I think, to a

tigers. There are one or two more, destroyed and unrecognisable. In the large Chaitya I had in vain tried to

Brahmanical raid upon the Buddhists, and it may be noted that the Gai Ghāt is the only pass by which a force from the plain could turn the flank of the whole group of caves and block up all avenues of escape, without being easily

persuade my Bhill guard that the caves were built by men like themselves, which they

These caves must have had a fine façade, and

still exist, but the whole front of the cliff has

I heard of an inscription near here, but was I believe these caves were in

stoutly declared to be impossible, disputing among themselves whether the five Pândus or the Daityas could have done it. However in this

perceived.

vihāra they held a fresh palaver on the subject, and finally the naik came forward and said that after all they thought the sahib was right. “For these cells were obviously made to sleep in, like those in the lock-up, and no man will

bell, C.S., discovered a new group in the old

presume to say that the Daityas and the Pān davas could squeeze themselves into such holes

The whole Sātmala range is full of promise for the archaeologist. Two years ago Mr. Camp fort of Wasigarh, which I believe Major Gill has further explored, and Mr. Pottinger, C.E., found what I believe to be a large vihāra near the Gotala Ghāt. Caution, however, and a

double gun loaded with ball are necessary in all these places. In one cave in the Pital Khorā

Next to this cave is another vihāra

I found fresh traces of a panther, and in the

the entrance to which is blocked up, but after

next some gnawed bones that told their own

ascertaining that there was no wild beast inside,

story.

as these.”

THE DATE OF THE NYAYAKUSUMANJALI. By KASHINATH TRIMBAK TELANG, SENIOR DAKSHINA FELLOW, ELPHINSTONE COLLEGE.

IN the preface to his edition of the Nyāyakusu mānjali, Professor E. B. Cowell has endeavoured to fix the age of Udayanāchārya, the author of that work. The result of his reasoning he thus states:—“Perhaps, therefore,” he says, “we

may without fear of much error fix Vāchaspati

Udayanāchārya is mentioned with expressions of high respect by Mādhavāchārya, he has, on the other, commented on a work of Vāchaspati Mišra, who is himself one of the commentators

of the great Sankarāchārya. Now as the dates of Śankarāchārya and Mādhavāchārya may be

Miśra in the tenth and Udayanāchārya in the

taken with tolerable safety to be respectively in

twelfth century.” This conclusion, Prof. Cowell

the eighth and fourteenth centuries of the Christ ian era, we have, according to Prof. Cowell, “a

bases on the fact, that while on the one hand