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THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

8. A t t a, hatta, hatti"=hatta, hamlet; R. ad, had, to be, to settle; h-p; cf. therefore pattana, though also written pattana.

9. Atta, food=atta, cooked substance; R. aq, to cook, mature.

10. Atta, dried=atta, cooked (by the sun); cf. atta tengu, dried cocoa-nut. 11. At t a, bed=R. ad, No. 7. The upper loft is often used as a dormitory. The Tamil, however, has also adukku mette, a couch with piled up pillows. (If atta originally has been

hatta, conf. No. 8, we have : patta, hatta, bed; R. had, to lie down.) 12. Attana, addana, shield=addana; R. aq,

to obstruct; adda, obstacle, fence, covering. 13. A d, add, to strive, occupy–R. at, No. 3;

[AUGUST 2, 1872.

30. A ran i, wood for attrition=ara, a file ;

—R. ar, to grind. 31. A r a ra—ore, orre, sheathi;—R.'ur, to be, settle in.

(32. A rāla-either aril, aral, mud; orrāla, resinous exudation; (rädi, turbid stuff, dregs.) 33. A ri-ari, enemy, R. ar, ari, to cut, des troy ; R. ar, are, to strike with a sword ; R. al, a'i, to ruin. 34. Arka, elder brother=akka. The gender of this word is, now feminine—elder sister ; its

form, however, allows also the meaning “elder brother.” Akkare, love. Root, therefore, pro bably al, to love; or or, to love; cf. No 87. 35. A r ka, a learned man=R. ar, to know. It is not impossible that No. 34 is to be referred

R. ad, No. 4. to this root.

14. A n, to sound=R. al, to cry, weep. 15. A ni, border, frontier–ane, dam ; R. an, to strike against.

16. A n i, fini, nail=āni, a nail for fastening together; R. an, to join.

17. A nu, small=anu; R. an, anugu, to de crease, disappear.f

18. A n d a, ānda—testicle (the sign of a male), egg,-anda—R. fin, al, to be manly, strong. 19. A t t fi (conf. artikā, elder sister)=ate, a

maternal uncle's wife, etc.; perhaps R. al,—to love (alti, arti, love).

20, an u-Gun a-guna, rope, quality, further degree;—R.kud, to join, be joined, to add. 21. Andu, chain=andu ;—R and, ond,—to

36. A r ch–R. arush, to roar.

37. A r ti-arti, pain; R. al, to weep, sorrow. 38. A r d ha-Bhotikā-pólige, a cake. This word is considered by Dravidian grammarians to be a Tadbhava of sphotaka ; but we have

the true Dravidian pulgi, a mixed mess, of which pâlige is but another form. 39. A r b, to go=R. harb ; see No. 24. 40. A r b, ary, to kill–R. ar, arumb ; see No. 33.

41. A r bud a, swelling=R. el, elb, to rise; elbida, elbudu, swelling (e at the beginning written and pronounced as ya). 42. A 1, to be sufficient, proper=R. al, ditto, and to knit.

join, to reach.

22. Andolay, to swing=R. al, to swing, and R. Öl, to move about; The and is a parti ciple of al.

23. a-Poganda (not-) not full grown; (not-) having a defective member=R. p5, to go, ab sent; and ganda, manliness;–R. pā, to go; and gantu, knot, joint. See No. 53.

24. A mb, hamm, to go=R. hamb, harb,-to run, spread ; cf. No. 8.

25. A mb, to sound=R. an, to speak (amb adu, speaking).

26. A m bary, to carry together=om, to gether, and R. bar, to come, of which the tran sitive is bars ?

27. A yi, aye, oh-ayyá.

28. Ayo-Guda=gundu, amass, ball, stone; —R. kud, to come together. 29. A ra–ara, are, a moiety, little.

43. A 1, to keep off=R. al., to despise. 44. A la väla, ālavāla=ála-vála,

a basin

round a tree; āla, depth, R. al, to be deep ; vala, curve, R. val, to bend.

45a. Al as a -alasa, weary, lazy; R. alas to be weary; see Supplement to Al, No. I. 45b. A lar ka, a certain

open, blossom.

flower–R. alar, to -

46. A la n du, a kind of insect=alădu, allāqu, the shaker, oscillator; conf. Nos. 22,72.

47. A lata, firebrand–oleta, olata, burning; R. ol, to shine, burn ; ole, fire-place. 48. A lika, displeasing, false=R. ali, al, to perish, be out of order, effaced. 49. A lika, small=yalya, elya, small. Root perhaps that of No. 48. 50. A 1 p a, little=hala, halav, some.

51. a va-Kh a n d an a-R. kad, to cut.

rope=Kannada—hagga; etc. See Supplement.
 * Atta (kshauma)=hatta, patta, cloth; cf. Tamil—agga,

are sometimes lengthened, and sometimes receive the ter minations i, e, g, etc. to distinguish them from each other.

f It may be remarked that Dravidian homonymous roots


 * 1) The italic r is an r that is pronounced somewhat like d.