Page:The Imperial Gazetteer of India - Volume 2 (2nd edition).pdf/69

 ;

BANGALORE those of

its

affluent

DISTRICT.

some of

khdls, are

59

the principal trade marts of

Eastern Bengal.

Bangalore

—

Mysore State, Southern Nandidrug (Nundydroog) Division. It lies between 12° 13' and 13° 30' N. lat., and between 77° 7' and 78° 3' E. long., being bordered on the south by the Madras Districts of Coimbatore and Salem. It contains an estimated area of 2901 square miles, of which 860 are cultivated, 818 are cultivable, and {Bengaluni).

of

District

India, forming the southern portion of the

1223 uncultivable waste. Greatest length from north to south, 85 miles from east to west, 50 miles. The Census of 1881 returned a total



population

The

of 669,139 souls.

District is

sub-divided into the

Anekal, Bangalore, Closepet, Devanhalli, DodEALLAPUR, Hoskot, Kankanhalli, Magadi, Nelamangala. The number of villages on the rent-roll is 5504. Land revenue (1881-82) Total revenue, ^173,966. The civil and military head;;(^93,864. following

quarters are

at

the

town of Bangalore

which

{g.v.),

also

is

the

At the time of the restoration of the Province of Mysore to the young Maharaja in 1881, the cantonment part of Bangalore was separated and styled the civil and military administrative capital of the State.

under the administration of

of Bangalore,

station

Excepting

British

officers.

slight reductions in establishments, the constitution of the

District remains

much the same as in 1873. The main portion of the

Bhysical Aspects

.

—

District consists of the

which joins the Kaveri (Cauvery) on the southern frontier the eastern part is watered by the South Pinakini (or Pennar). Towards the west, the country is broken by a succession of rugged hills and deep valleys the remaining tract, which is open and

valley of the Arkavati river,



undulating, forms part of the general table-land of Mysore, attaining at

Bangalore town an elevation of 3113

feet

above the

sea.

The

low-

lying lands are dotted with tanks for irrigation, varying in size from

formed by embanking the minor low scrub jungle. The best the rock-fortress of Savandriig, which towers to a height of 4024 feet the sacred hill of Siva-ganga is about 500 feet higher. The Arkavati river runs a total course of about 120 During the hot season its sandy bed only contains a thin, miles. trickling stream ; but in the rains, heavy freshets come down, bearing small ponds to considerable

lakes,

The uplands are often known of the hills is

streams.

bare, or covered with



along large uprooted trees and logs of timber.

Its

maximum

flood

The calculated at 50,000 cubic feet of water per second. prevailing formation is gneiss, disrupted by dikes of trap and porphyritic discharge

rocks



is

adularia, pink felspar, chert,

hornblende are found



corundum, chalcedony, mica, and is abundant, and a nodular

hematite iron ore

limestone yields excellent lime, which bears a high polish.

rock

is

extensively quarried for building purposes,

The

gneiss

and supplies

solid