Page:The Imperial Gazetteer of India - Volume 10 (2nd edition).pdf/119



JYSORE. 107 obtained from England. A woollen factory was set up at Bangalore, and though it was worked by hand at first, it is now being replaced by machinery. The total estimated value of manufactures in the State was, in 1880-81, £628,165; but this estimate is merely approximate. Vines and Quarries.—Iron is worked in Bangalore; and the existence of gold-bearing rocks has been discovered in the north-west of that District. Great attention has recently been given to gold prospects in Kolár, and in the present year (1886) success seems to be at last rewarding the capital and labour that have been expended on the enterprise. Commerce. The following are the chief articles of trade, the figures being those of the Administration Report of the State for 1880–81:Exports — coffee, £99,403 ; areca or betel-nut, $169,806; ragi, £115,410; rice and paddy, £261,123 ; gram, £88,979; cotton, £16,558; piece-goods, £68,500; coarse cloth, £6450; jaggery sugar, 580,890 ; fine sugar, £16,282 ; gold, £9600; tobacco, £10,167 ; silk, £51,000 ; cardamoms, £16,491; pepper, £12,651 ; betel-leaves, £65,864: Inports-piece-goods, £336,728 ; silver, £51,609; coarse cloth, £89,359; wheat, £152,372 ; gold, £42,376; cotton, £64,578; rice and paddy, £168,430 ; areca or betel-nut, £32,297; ragi, £38,452; dil, £25,918; pepper, £26,542; tobacco, £19,556; coarse sugar, + 21,024; fine sugar, £9857; silk, £130,268; betel-leaves, £159,882. The total value of the imports for the year is returned at £1,549,648; and of the exports, £1,202,866. The trade of the State is thus of a limited character; and, as might be expected in an agricultural country like Mysore, it is chiefly in foodgrains and other articles of local produce. Coffee cultivated in Western Mysore is largely exported to the western coast, and thence shipped to the European market, where it enjoys considerable favour. Bangalore is the great trade entrepôt of the whole State. Local traffic is carried on mostly at the weekly markets or annual fairs (santes), which supply the place of shops. A good deal of areca-nut, grown in the Bombay Presidency, passes through Mysore, where it pays duty, to Wálájápet and Arcot in Madras. Sandal-wood, which is a State monopoly, is not shown in the above returns, as the income derived from it forms part of the revenue of the Forest Department. The receipts under this head fluctuate greatly according to the demand for the wood, but the average annual income during thirty years has been about £15,000. Roads and Railways.—About 55 miles of the Bangalore Branch of the South-West Line of Madras Railway are within Mysore State. The Vysore Government has continued, on the metre gauge, a branch line to Mysore city, a distance of 86 miles. During 1883–84, the detailed plans and estimates for a farther extension south to Nanjangad (14} miles) were ready. The Mysore State contemplates constructing a through line on the metre gauge from Bangalore city to the southern