Page:The History of The Great European War Vol 1.pdf/15

 The principles of Pan-Germanism—Fundamental principle of international dealings— Might is right—The destiny of Germany—A super-nation—Certainty of conquest— Belief in war—Object of war—Peaceful penetration—War the supreme tribunal—Its unreason—But its persistence—Is the final heroism—War should be ruthless—German scorn of Pacifism—The development of Pacifist doctrine—Pacifism an apotheosis of the status quo—So convenient for Britain—India—Egypt—Why cannot Germany acquire colonies in the same way that Britain did ?—Britain afraid to fight—Pan-Germanism a national expression—For a world-Empire—Germany must supplant Britain—Imperial task too great for Britain—Colonial policy—The German Empire lost its opportunities —Or it was afraid to seize them—Germany found it necessary to fight to obtain its ends —Meanwhile it would struggle in diplomacy—Boer War—Asia Minor—Turkey to be a vassal State—Kaiser the Protector of Islam—The foolishness of it—The Balkans—Agadir —The failure of the coup—Germany's final determination to fight—Treitschke—Nietzsche—He was not a Pan-Germanistpp. 40-57

CHAPTER IV THE GERMAN EMPIRE AND PAN-GERMANISM (continued)

ANGLO-GERMAN CO-OPERATION

German fever for colonising: 1880-1890—Very little available territory in world when Empire created—Bismarck not a keen colonist—The Bremen and Hamburg merchants—German Colonial Society, 1882—Its colonial policy—Followed by Bismarck—Colonies of Germany before the war—Colonial objects of Pan-Germanism—Germany's failure to attain them— Extermination of the Hereros—Colonial exports and imports—Togoland—Kiau-chau— Possessions in the Pacific—South-West Africa—East Africa—Cameroons—Railways— For first ten years of German Empire no effort to obtain colonies—Britain, France, and Russia building up colonial empire—German emigration—Germany beginning to wake up—Peaceful penetration—Venezuela—Africa—Togoland and the Cameroons—South- West Africa—Herr Luderitz—Germany interferes with the Transvaal—Kruger at Potsdam—Germano-Boer conspiracy—Foiled by Gladstone—Treitschke and South Africa— Zanzibar—Kaiser's move there in 1884—Germany engineers a revolution—Creation of German East Africa—Emin Pasha and Equatoria—Uganda—Bismarck dismissed— Struggle between Britain and Germany ceases—Heligoland—Anglo-German friendship while Bismarck in power—African Conference, 1884—British losses—British good feeling—The Pacific and New Guinea—1890-1900: Britain Germanophile—Anglo- Congo Treaty, 1894—Cecil Rhodes's policy—Kruger's speech in 1895—Germany in Morocco —Speech of Caprivi in 1890—Egypt—The Far East—Kiau-chau—Opening year of twentieth century—Pan-Germanism becomes insistent—The Kruger telegram—The Boer War—The Baghdad Railway pp. 58-75

CHAPTER V

THE GERMAN EMPIRE AND PAN-GERMANISM (continued)

ANGLO-GERMAN RIVALRY

The Baghdad Railway—The one success of the Kaiser—Railways in pacific penetration— The Trans-Siberian Railway—The Anatolian Railway—The Deutsche Bank—Von Gwinner—The Baghdad Railway a danger to Britain and British commerce—Germany's interests in Mesopotamia—Able to oppose British interests—Tend to disintegrate Ottoman Empire—German Gibraltar on Persian Gulf—Koweit—Incident of Moubarek— Britain dominates the Gulf—But Germany dominates railway—And adjoining territory— A German State inside Turkey—Germany becomes a Power in the East—Competition disastrous to Suez Canal—Morocco—Germany's increasing interests—France and Britain agree—Egypt for Britain, Morocco for France—Secret arrangement, 1904—Kaiser visits Tangier—His speech—Claims International Conference—Conference of Algeciras, 1906—Did not help the Kaiser—France "peacefully penetrates" Morocco—Agadir—Its strategic value—The visit of the Panther—The hope of Germany—Britain's attitude— International negotiations—The German demands—Mr. Lloyd George's speech—The Kaiser to fight or give in—The financial attack on Germany—Its success—No war— The settlement a blow to Pan-Germanism—A cause of the present war—Persia—Strategic importance—Germany's interest—Commenced in 1906—The colonising policy of Germany