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 blood. The experiments to which I refer are put upon record in a letter of Harvey's to P. M. Slegel, of date 1651 (see Harveii Opera, ed. 1766, p. 613; ed. Willis, p. 597). They were undertaken with the object of giving a final and happy despatch to all the quibbling objections of Riolanus, 'omnes Riolani circa hanc rem altercationes jugulare;' and they consisted, firstly, in forcing water from the cava into the right ventricle whilst the pulmonary artery, the 'vena arteriosa' of those days was ligatured—whereby Riolanus' suggestion as to the permeability or porosity of the interventricular septum was shown to be untenable; and, secondly, in forcing water from the pulmonary artery round into the opened left ventricle, whereby the lesser circulation was demonstrated, to use Harvey's own favourite word, ; or, to use the very words employed by him upon this very oc-

would probably have accepted this alternative. It is right to add, however, that so far as ray reading of the edition of 1766 has carried me, I have come upon no other case where I have been forced to think that Dr. Lawrence may have blundered.