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 EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT CORPORATIONS (see International Law). CRIMINAL LAW (see Jurisprudence). EDUCATION (Electives). Ernest W. Huffcut in the October Albany Law Journal (V. Ixvii, p. 292) criticizes too free an adoption of the " Elective System in Law Schools," but believes that in thuse schools where two years are entirely elective the necessity for this can be avoided by shortening the time given to less important subjects and the elimination of others. He believes that law schools should regard the question differently from colleges. "The college aims at general culture, the pro fessional school at technical efficiency." "To sum up, it seems to me that the elec tive system, in order to justify itself in the law school, must show, first, that it familiarizes all students who receive a degree with the funda mental and vital topics of the law, with the chief subject-matter of the profession, and, second, that it produces not merely general legal discipline, but also technical professional efficiency, not merely the ability to acquire, to weigh, and decide, but the ability to do, to act promptly in any emergency, to know and to practice the law. When we observe that under this system a considerable fraction of students have taken their degrees without any study of equity or agency or some other fun damental topic of the law, and that all are free to do so, we cannot but conclude that the elective system does not meet the test of fit ting men in the best possible way for the practice of their profession, or of assuring the highest possible potential and practical effi ciency." EDUCATION. " Legal Education in the Province of Quebec," by W. S. Johnson, Can adian Law Review (V. x, p. 451). EDUCATION (see History). EQUITY (Fraud). " Bargains with Heirs and Expectants," by F. P. Betts, Canada Law Journal (V. xli, p. 769). EQUITY (see Wills). HISTORY. An interesting comparison of The Libraries of a Civilian and Canonist and

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of a Common Lawyer," as described from some ancient records of 1294 by Robert Jowitt Whitwell, appears in the October Law Quar terly Review (V. xxi, p. 393). HISTORY. In the November Michigan Law Review (V. iv, p. i), under the title of " The Territorial Expansion of the Common Law Ideal," John E. Simmons traces " the com mon law from its primeval beginnings in the soul of man before history was." HISTORY. " The Lawless Court of Essex," by Courtney Kenney in the November Colum bia Law Review (V. v, p. 529) is an interesting account of an ancient English baronial court which survived in a picturesque form into modern times. HISTORY (Education). " The Middle Tem ple Records " are interestingly discussed by J. R. V. Marchant in the October Law Quar terly Review (V. xxi, p. 346). The publica tion of the records of the Inns of Court recently completed affords much interesting material as to the methods of instruction of mediaeval lawyers and the manner in which they were called to the Bar. Moot courts and "readings " or original treatises written by candidates and read to their fellow-students were the methods of instruction in those days before the development of text-books. HISTORY (Juries). In the November Law Magazine and Review (V. xxxi, p. i), G. Glover Alexander begins a series of articles on " The Province of the Judge and of the Jury." His purpose is to describe the history of the strug gle between judge and jury which resulted in the present division of functions. To illus trate this he begins a detailed description of two early state trials, that of Lilburn and that of Lord Dacres. HISTORY (Jurisprudence). The first of a series of articles explaining historically the origin of the different systems of native law in India and the effect of the different religious systems on their development entitled, " The Origin and Development of the Bengal School of Hindu Law," by Sarada Charan Mitra,