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 The Supreme Court of New Jersey. tain speed should have the monopoly of the waters of the latter State. Fulton and Liv ingston had been successful in acquiring this monopoly, and in 1815 an attempt was made to repeal the New Jersey statute. Thomas Addis Emmet represented the New York applicants; Joseph Hopkinson and Samuel L. Southard spoke for Ogden and Dod. The effort of Mr. Southard secured

his future success; it lost nothing by a comparison with the efforts of his more ex perienced and distin guished rivals. It was a masterly effort, and although it failed in convincing the Legis lature, yet it convinced those who heard him and could appreciate such an effort, that in Mr. Southard were all the elements of a suc cessful advocate and lawyer. At the suc ceeding election he was chosen a member of the Assembly, and while such member was elected a Justice of the Supreme Court, to succeed Mahlon SAMUEL L. Uickerson, who was made Governor. Judge Southard remained on the bench five years, and during the larger part of that time he was the Reporter of his court. But his true place was not on the bench. His talents were of a kind which fitted him for another sphere of action, a broader field of endeavor. He made a respectable judge, and lawyers had confidence in his decisions. In 182 1 the office of Senator became vacant by the expiration of the term of Sen ator Wilson. There were strong objections entertained by some of the leading men of the party to which Mr. Wilson was attached

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against him, and Mr. Southard was elected over him. He immediately resigned as Judge, and Gabriel H. Ford was chosen to succeed him. Mr. Southard entered the Senate at a very critical period in the history of the politics of the Republic. The country was in a ferment; Missouri had applied for admission into the Union, and the lower house of Congress had refused by a very large majority toadmit. Mr. Clay, who was then a Representative from Kentucky, had moved for a joint committee. Mr. Clay was an old and experienced politi cian; Mr. Southard was a new member, and, lacked the pres tige of a long service in the political field. However, he prepared a series of resolutions which were submitted to Mr. Clay, who ap proved of them, and it was agreed that Mr. Southard should pre sent them in the Sen ate. But on the morn ing of the very day when they were to be SOUTHARD. offered Mr. Clay urged that the resolutions should be used by himself in the House. Mr. Southard consented, and the Kentucky statesman brought the resolutions without alteration before the lower branch of the National Legislature, where they were passed and afterward received the sanction of the Senate. These were the celebrated Missouri Compromise resolutions, for which Mr. Clay has received so much laudation. They were the work of Samuel L. Southard, the Senator from New Jersey, who has received no credit as their author. In 1823 he was made a member of Mr.