Page:The Gall Wasp Genus Cynips.pdf/71



The ancient history of Cynips is first of all to be read in the characters and distribution of the six existent subgenera. The range of each subgenus is shown on the accompanying map (fig. 7), and the data are further summarized:

These subgenera clearly represent two groups, which may be distinguished as follows:

1. Agamic female with hypopygial spine distinctly broad, very broad in Besbicus; wings normally 1.50 to 1.60 times the body length; all galls with nutritive, protective, more or less solid parenchyma and simple