Page:The Gall Wasp Genus Cynips.pdf/457

 shining, the hypopygial spine is short, not fine but not broadened as in true Cynips, without the terminal tuft of hairs typical of Cynips.

Niger Fourcroy, 1785, Ent. Paris: 392. Based on Diplolepis No. 4 Geoffroy, 1762, Hist. Ins. 1:311. Diplolepis in orig. publ. and still maintained by Dalla Torre and Kieffer, 1910. Original description insufficient for recognizing any cynipid. Gall not described.

Notha Osten Sacken, 1870, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 3: 55. Cynips in orig. publ. Andricus, Callirhytis, Dryophanta of later authors. I have compared the types with the types of palustris at the Museum of Comparative Zoology. The two insects belong to the same group and are ruled out of true Cynips on the same basis. See palustris in this list.

Occultata Weld, 1926, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 68 (10): 28. Diplolepis in orig. publ. I have studied the holotype and numerous paratypes. The agamic insect is rather small, the mesonotum conspicuously coriaceous and almost naked, the scutellar foveae distinctly separated, the hypopygial spine slender, needle-like, and without a terminal tuft of hairs, and the wings perfectly clear with fine veins and a very faint base to the cubitus. The agamic gall is a seed-like cell in a bud. None of these are Cynips characters.

Operta Weld, 1926, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 68 (10): 19. Diplolepis in orig. publ. I have studied the holotype and most of the paratypes. The agamic insect is rather small, the mesonotum conspicuously coriaceous and almost naked, the scutellar foveae distinctly separated, the hypopygial spine slender, needle-like, and without a terminal tuft of hairs, and the wings perfectly clear with fine veins and a very faint base to the cubitus. The agamic gall is a seed-like cell in a bud. None of these are Cynips characters.

Palustris Osten Sacken, 1861, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. 1:63. Cynips (Trigonaspis?) in orig. publ. Cynips, Andricus, Callirhytis, and Dryophanta of later authors. I have insects which I compared with the holotypes some years ago. This bisexual insect is superficially similar to bisexual Cynips, but the hypopygial spine is short, not slender but nowhere broadened as in Cynips, and without a distinct terminal tuft of hairs. The galls are inseparable leaf galls or flower galls, spherical, hollow, with the larval cell rolling about loose in the otherwise empty gall. They occur on species of black oaks. There are several other species or varieties of this group that are commonly but wrongly assigned to our present genus. They are all ruled out of Cynips by the same characters.

Papula Bassett, 1881, Canad. Ent. 13:107. Cynips in orig. publ. Andricus, Dryophanta, and Diplolepis of later authors. Weld (1922) considers this a Callirhytis. I have seen the holotype, in the Philadelphia Academy, and several paratypes. Differing from Cynips in every essential character. The wing veins are faint, the hypopygial spine is short, slender, pointed, without a terminal tuft of hairs, and the gall occurs on black oaks!