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 INDEX. 421 pillage of, by the Crusaders, 364 ; the Greek Christians' view of, 37li, 373. Religious tolerance in Constantinople, 184, 185. Reliquaries, Greek, valuable nature of, 89. Reynier of Montferrat, his marriage with the daughter of Manuel I., 27'.t. Richard I. conquers Cyprus, 98, 132. Roger II. of Sicily makes war on the em- pire, 138. Romaic language, the term, 3. Roman Church, its differences with the Eastern, 118, 134. Romania, the name, 3. Romanian language, 161. Romanos, a Russian commander, 108. Rome, survival of the name in the East, 3 ; how foreigners were ruled under, 146. Rome, New, the name still acknowl- edged by the Patriarch of the Ortho- dox Church, 3. Roum, origin of the sultans of, 31 ; ex- tent of the kingdom, 35. Roumania, the name, 56. Roumelia, the name, 3. Roux, Nicholas, his mission to the Cru- saders, 305. Russia, mission sent by Innocent III. to, 396. Russian czar an analogue of a Byzantine emperor, 6. Russians help Alexis III. against the Co- mans, 107 ; often called Warings, 153. Saisox defeated by Alexis I., 42. Saladin, alliance of, with the empire, 47, 48, 142. Salonica sacked by the Sicilians, 91, 142 ; recaptured by Isaac Angelos, 92, 142; Latin settlements at, 162; demanded of Baldwin by Boniface, 398 ; surren- ders to Baldwin, 400 ; handed over to Boniface, 401. Saracens allowed freedom of worship in Constantinople, 184 ; their mosque at- tacked by Crusaders, 327. Scott, Sir Walter, his descriptions of Con- stantinople, 159 note. Scythians, probable identity of the Turks with the, 14. Sebastocrator, the title, 102 note. Seljukian empire, successive divisions of, 30, 31, 49. Seljuks, the, 16, see Turks. Servians, early settlements of, 56; revolt against the empire, 61 ; achieve inde- l)endence, 01 ; defeated by Isaac II., loo. Sicily, wars of, against the Eastern Em- pire, 91, 137. Slavs, early settlement of, in th<; Balkan peninsula, 53 ; driven into Dahuaiia and lllyria by tlic Avars, 53. Spyridonaces, John, a pretender, 110. Stamboul, derivation of the name, 182 note. Strumnitza cedo<l to Ivan, 107. Stryphnos, Michael, admiral, 113. Succession, lax law of, 91. Suliman, the first Sultan of Iconium, 31 ; allures the Greek peasants l)y abolish- ing landlordism, 32 ; his treaty with Michael VII., 33 ; extent of his king- dom, 34 ; his progress checked bv Alexis I., 36. Sultans often the sous of Christian slaves, 112 note. Swendoslav, expedition of, against the empire, 156 ; his interview with John Zemiskes, 156. Tancred, expedition of, against the em- pire, 142; sacks Salonica, 142; defeat- ed by Isaac II., 143. Tanisman, invasion of the empire by, 43. Tartar, the term, 15 note. Theobald of Champagne appointed leader of the fourth crusade, 236 ; his death, 244. Theodora, widow of King Baldwin, her amour with Andronicos Comnenos, 74. Theodora, sister of Isaac II., married to Conrad of ^lontferrat, 130 note. Theodore Angelos deprived of sight, 83. Theodore Castamonites, 102. Thessaly, how named in the chronicles, 59. Thrace harassed bv the Comans, 58, 107 ; bv the Wallachs, 60, 93 ; by the Turks, 93. Togrul attacks Armenia, 26 ; invades the empire, 26 ; becomes caliph, 26. Turaii, the tcini, 15 note. Turcoman, derivation of the word, 15 note. Turcomans, the, compared with the an- cient Turks, 14. Turkish Empire compared with the Greek, 221. Turks, origin of the, 14 ; obscurity of their early history, 15 ; the Seljuks, 16 ; embrace Mahometanism, 25 ; invade