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 416 INDEX. Army, deterioration of the, 217. Arnold of Ibelino, his account of the Egypto-Veuetian alliance, 271. Arsen, Armenian city, burned bv Togrul, 26. Asan, a Wallachian leader, defeats John Cantacuzenos, 91 ; assassinated, 106. Asia Minor, present and former condi- tion of, 27, 28 ; ravaged by the Selju- kian Turks, 28 ; Turkish settlement in, 33 ; a source of weakness to the em- pire, 51, 206, 399. Asiatic conquests, baneful influence of, on society in the capital, 206. Avars, first appearance of, in the em- pire, 55. Baldwin, Count, brought prisoner before Isaac XL, 92, 93. Baldwin, Earl of Flanders, joins the fourth crusade, 236 ; candidature of, for the throne of Constantinople, 378 ; supported by Dandolo, 382 ; declared emperor and crowned, 385, 386 ; writes to the pope, 388; offends Boniface by marching to Salonica, 399 ; surrenders Salonica to Boniface, 401; captured by the Bulgarians, 404. Balkan peninsula, former inhabitants of the, 52. Balliol, Russell, scheme of, against the empire, 33. Basil II., Bulgaroctone, 57. Bela, King of Hungary, invades the em- pire, 54. Benjamin of Tudela, his impressions of Constantinople, 185. Bethune, Conon de, his reply to the messenger of Alexis III., 305 ; delivers an insolent message to Isaac XL, 333, 334. Blachern, palace of Manuel X. at, 186. Bohemund attacks the empire, 137, 166. Boniface of Montferrat appointed leader of the fourth crusade, 245 ; his visit to Philip of Swabia, 245, 279; con- nection of his family with the East, 278 ; his hostility to Constantinople, 279 ; goes on an embassy to Rome, 280; revisits Rome, 282; goes to Zara, 285 ; takes Alexis XV. to Adrianople, 325; asks Mourtzouphlos to surrender Alexis XV., 341; becomes jealous of Dandolo, 341 ; declares for the siege of Constantinople, 344 ; hailed as king in Constantinople, 353 ; his candida- ture for the throne of Constantinople, 376 ; obtains a concession of territory in case of non-election, 380 ; re- proached by Innocent III., 395 ; quar- rels with Baldwin, 399 ; besieges Adri- anople, 399 ; his mana?uvre to alienate the Venetians from Baldwin, 400 ; ob- tains possession of Salonica, 401 ; his death, 402. Bosphorus, towers built by Manuel I. on the, 78 ; the name, 95 note; passage of, by the Crusaders, 308. Branas, Alexis, revolt of, 94, 95 ; invests the capital, 95 ; his defeat and death, 97. Bromholm becomes possessed of a relic from Constantinople, 370. Broussa sacked by Andronicos I., 83. Bulgarians, first appearance of, in the Empire, 55 ; second irruption, 56 ; ally themselves with the Wallachs and establish a "Wallach-Bulgarian state, 61; capture Varna, 108. Byzantine empire, the term, 3. C^SAR, the title, 102 note. Camyzes, Manuel, 108, 109. Cantacuzenos, John, blinded by Andron- icos, 76 ; defeated by the Wallachs, 94. Cantacuzenos, Theodore, defends NicaBa against Andronicos I., 83. Capitulations, history of, 148, 149 ; their modern form, 150; why they have lasted in Turkey, 150, 151 ; the exist- ing system a survival from the days of the empire, 152. Chenghiz I^han, 411, 412. Clari, Robert de, his account of the Latin conquest of Constantinople, 250 note. Clement, St., head of, 365, 366. Comans, the, attack the empire, 58, 107. Comncnos, John, campaigns of, against the Turks, 43 ; nominates Manuel heir to the crown, 70; claims the places captured by crusaders, 117. Comncnos, Jolm, his sons blinded, 80. Conmenos, John, the Fat, a pretender, 109. Con([uest, the, beneficial results of, to Western Europe, 406 ; its evil results, 408. Conrad, King, crusade of, 44, 122. Conrad of Montferrat aids Isaac XI. to quell the revolt of Branas, 96 ; refuses to go with Isaac to Adrianople, 99 assassinated in Palestine, 99, 132 saves Tyre from the Saracens, 130