Page:The Economic Journal Volume 1.djvu/408

 THE ECONOMIC JOURNAL It is in the case of Great Britain that the difficulties culminate. Taking the estimates already obtained we get: Estimated population 1891 of United Kingdom Irelan ... Deduct ,, ,, ,, Population of Great Britain 37,813,049 4,694,789 33,118,260 The point is to assign to England and Scotland their proper shares of this number. The gross number of passengers of Irish origin leaving for ports outside Europe and the Mediterranean was 734,475, but the Irish return of natives of Ireland 'emigrating' to places outside Europe amounted to only 699,920; the difference---34,555 must have been made up partly of 'passengers' from Ireland not coming within the Irish definition of 'emigrants,' and partly of Irish leaving Geat Britain. To take round numbers, we will assume that the latter amounted to 30,000, and allotting these to England and Wales and to Scotland in the proportion of the natives of Ireland found therein respectively at the census of 1881, we may say that 21,500 left England and Wales, while 8,500 left Scotland. The total 'passengers' inwards of persons of British and Irish origin for the United Kingdom was in the decade 830,212. If these be distributed among the three divisions of the United Kingdom in the proportion of the 'passengers' outwards of English, Scotch, and Irish origin respectively, we should get: England and Wales! Scotland ............. Ireland ... ............ Passengers out- wards. 1,548,965 275,095 734,45 2,558,535 Passengers inwards distributed in like proportions. Corrected distribution. 502,619 657,619 89,265, 114,265 238,328 I 58,328 830,212 t 830,212 But knowing as we do that the total foreign and colonial trade of Ireland is relatively very ranall; that the number of natives of the colonies in Ireland is stationary; that the number of European foreigners increases very slowly and the number of natives of the United States not very rapidly, we may safely assume that Ireland does not receive anything like the proportion of 'passengers' inwards given above. If we allow the return flow to Ireland to amount to 58,328 and divide the remaining 180,000 between England and Scotland so as to allot to England a slightly larger share than her proportion of emigrants--giving 155,000 to England and 25,000 to Scotland. we get the figures in the right-hand column. The Irish records state that since 1880 as many as 43,341 natives of Ireland enigrated to England, and 27,445 to Scotland.