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 THE PORTRAITS OF JOHN KNOX. 265 ' without/ and none of the expected help from Eng- land arriving, the besieged, on the 31st July 1547, surrendered St. Andrews Castle : prisoners to France, high and low, but with shining promises of freedom and good treatment there, which promises, however, were not kept by the French ; for on reaching Rouen, 'were dispersed and put in sundry prisons. The There are two luminous little incidents connected with this grim time, memorable to all. Knox de- scribes, and, also, it is not doubted, is the hero of the scene which follows : ' the Mass (for at certain times the Mass was said in ^ the galley, or else heard upon the shore, in presence
 * the principal gentlemen, who looked for freedom,
 * rest ' (Knox among them) ' were left in the galHcs,
 * and there miserable entreated.'
 * These that were in the gallies were threatened
 * with torments, if they would not give reverence to
 * of the forsaris' {formats); *but they could never
 * make the poorest of that company to give reverence
 * to that idol. Yea, when upon the Saturday at night,
 * they sang their Salve Beginaf the whole Scottishmen
 * put on their caps, their hoods or such thing as they