Page:The Cyclopedia of India (Specimen Issue).pdf/170

 From 1891-93 to the present time the [allowing are the ﬁgum :—

cot. tone“- coined) tin-9.1 m

liter mm t 9: l8." 98 '92; any: t I .8951» 985a the!” 9.715 1mm: mm toot-9°: M 15‘ tgoetgo; I tens-tout u?! warms It. 75

Calcutta has always been the great centre oi the export. trade. although tairly htgc tttis 04 We mnmaignm mm.

. e a Egdmblc number at hands he- iore it is actually placed on board the export vessel. it in bought from the cultivatora h ' local native dealer: upocountry. y thorn it is told to a class of Calcutta denim known as bolero. who buy the into in small packages terrned drama. and have it geared in Cal- cutta into compact let weighing about 400"». each. By the bale" the jute is sold through hrolrm to the shippers, who in their turn re~ sell it to dealers and spinners in Europe. America and elsewhere. The pruning oi the bales is done by h ulic guesses, when the jute has ﬂooded and the "roots" ‘ (outings) removed. There are about tort-my hydraulic pres: houses in Calcutta. with a “20%;; number ot presets at each. e oi the largeat are managed b ' joint stock com tries. but a mm are in the harntlroi private owners, who hole and press their own jute. From the houses the jute is car» royal“? the exporting vet-cl. It on be oi interest to note that

are the introduciton oi hydraulic

er. the fate was pressed oration screw pales. «other!

The aﬂhits at the export jute node are amme by theCnlcutto Baird jute Asociation, which was

’ltahailb-oatiooedthatintkm on aer- *m'“eutha’ Io. love their «dial-v botanical ‘ ‘ Dy

Til! CYCLOPEDIA 0' INDIA.

loaned in 1891. andot which all bolero. broker: and ahippcra are members. No jutecnn be sold tor export except on the Association: contract : and the ruleaoi thcAau» cintion turbid the members doing lusiocss with an ' non-members. The United Ki is one 023:: test consuming markets:. gt; well km. Dundee is the most important jutemuntacturing centre in the United Kingdom. and France and other European countries also take fairly large quantities. In fact the total exports to Continental Europe are about equal to. or perhapsn little in excess oi. those to the United ‘ The United States are munch-seem”. particular- lv ol cuttings. 0i the total exports ﬁx the year 1904.05, the United Kingdom took 40-: per cent. (‘lennany 20-: per earth, France to per cent..Anatrio-l'luogary (r1 per cent” Iton 3-8 per cen .. Spain t~8 per cent. The United States carnethird with r5 per cent. The value at the “Etta tor the year 1 osiscnlcu ted at Ra. rao mill Its. in an account get: its this it is . pe unnecesea hm greater at will into the question oi prime. But a brief summary oi the prices realised during the put iorty~livc years may he oi interest. In the early sixties the export trade began to auumc large progrtiom, and in tho: thearerage lcnttn rice oi row jute petiole oi coo he. was Rs. “croutons. At the end at each uinquenninl period since, the to n; were the average values. The petmttages in the rec-0nd column show the variations ruther more graphically than the ol ricer. They are caJcnlnt on the Label the year 1873, the portion. lars it: which are printed in italics.

any!“ Percentageol

‘ | u. ‘ “I ‘m b‘ Deacon:I most Ra. t7 [ 94 3870 .. 23s 3 :38
 * 3]; .. I! 1 (a!

I ‘ .. :9 .. 3‘ to] lg n 39 u n i “Q '35 or '9 o s '& t'm ‘ .. 33 .. oi as 5&5 n 33 aa o i Is] in n 34 a N. '90 tips .. 43 l :38

All the cauaea oi the abnormal rise during the your 1905 cannot be exciticd with absolute certaint.

ut there scans to hem manual) e doubt that the great developth oi the local nmnutacturin induy try is one at the principal; causes. It must also be remembered that the demand [or jute from all consum- ing markets is steadily increasing. with the growth of the trade oi the world.

It has been already mentioned

The native moon than med {gnu

. ' o tuinc om Mm'wmy' tho diﬁcrent ﬁbroyiclding plants in Bengal have been from an early period utilised by; the people at the province.

c native manufactures rc- oolved themselves into three main classes—cardage, cloth and pager. The ﬁrst ranged from the t in- nest twist to ropes sutl'tciently thick lot homers. The cloth was oi various qualities. adopted to the diﬂennt unions for w ich it was used. are was a thick closely- wovon sunny. which was known it: phi. M! or dial. The different varieties at this cloth were used ior pockin needs. sugar. rice and other pro ucu. There was also a thin cloaelyMovt-en lo brie. which was common in parts of Muldah. Dinni- pur. Runxpur. and among the Coch and other ulmriginol tribes near the loot oi the l-limolo no. it more to have been use tor Worln apparel. There was iurthcr n thi course variety. which was used {or the sails at country boutr. and lot packing bulky articles. The weav- ing process to thus described b Babu Rumcomnl Sen. in a wel- knowu paper. which n moored many years ago in Vol. ll 0 the Transac- tions at the Agri-l'lorticulturul Society :—

"Semi otlclu or cloth: Weaving pont- alloddmd ford‘or are ﬁtted a tan

till .Mﬂl n on growl-co! dz:V e to b92003; 2 whicicut number or trim: or thread is woudonthemuwarpmalledlm. The warp is taken up and removed to the weaving machine. Two pieces of wood

are placed at two code. which are tied to mum. ext-m. or roller; they are made

twat: thenceptlonot theﬁmtresIorthe 1995 these prices M W and oh) tho-e tor [noun-a which are given in a Wot paragraph. are taken (tom the WI ol ladle publication: “Variation in Indian Price-Mela since not. exp-mud in index number!“ by LA. Roberson, late mot-matqu