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 been plentiful the industrial and intellectual progress of Bombay bears ample testimony.

Mr. Tom's ﬁrst move in connec- tion with commercial enterprise was a visit to China in 1859 which resulted in the founding of the firm of “PM. Tata 8: Co. with branches in Japan. Hongltong. and Shang~ hiti lllld later on at Paris and New York. Four 'ears were spent in the land of t eCelestial. and lit. Tutu returned to Bombay in 1863. Next came the desire to establish an Indian Bank in Londm, and he want over to England with this ob. feet in view in 1865. A financial crash in Bombay. however, pre. vented the accomplishment ot this

regress, and Mr. Tata remained in England for two years, adding to his store of business knowledge. On his return to India. the talliin fortune lost in the ﬁnancial Mr. Tatn and his lather obtained contracts in connection with the Abyssinian War which they turned to good account and fully recouped the heavy loss the had sustained- With the reclania on of Back Bay. an enli wine which proved suc- cesslulﬁllr. Tnta devoted himsell to the Mill lndustrv with very satiso factory results. The Empress and the Swndeshi Mills hearing witness to his capacity as a great Captain 0! industry and trade. Hr. Tata set a good example to employers of labour in his kindly regard for those who look to him tor their daily sustenance. Speaking at the o ning of a new spinning shed at tit: Nagpore Mills, ll department which worked 74,024 spindles and 3,384 looms. he referred to a small icnsmn scheme which had been introduced in connection with that Mill "for our work ple who are entitled to a small increase at pay after 25 years' service and to a maximum pension of Rs 5 a month after 30 years' service."

A remarkable episode in Mr. Tata's career is the firm stand he made in the matter at reduction of frei ht rates for yarn exports trom ombuy to China and la ran. It was it struggle between it. ata and the Nippon Yusen Kaisha Steamship Company on one side and on the other the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation. The Austrian Llovd’s, and the Italian Ruhbntino Company com-

THE CYCLOPEI'IA OF INDIA.

billed. The Kaiser-till“! thus de- scribed the situation :

The Kipgiou Yusen contracted with the otton S tuners Union who carry cotton ii yarn at Rs. 13 per ton against the P. dr. 0. Rs. 17, whereupon the latter reduced their rate to the nominal sum of first R5. 2 and subsequently to Re. t per ton. charges which the; later on raised again on a par wit at their rival.

In its issue of the “st October 1896 the Item 9/ India paid tribute to whom it was due in the following terms :

" When the Nippon Yusen Kaisha or japan Mail Stmmship Com- pany first made its bid for a share of thccarrying tradeinthispart of the world. one of the objects which ithadinviewwasthere- duction at rates for goods between India. China and Japan. Ilse effort has met with no mconsidenble suc- cess. Where the freight charges for twist to Shanghai tor example formerly amounted to Rs. 17 per ton. less 5 cent discount. the net rate now is not more than Rs. 11 or 30 per cent lower than was formerly the case. The rate to Hongkong has been reduced in like ratio, and all shippers without distinction of nationality must share in the benefits which accrue. To have brought down the rates (or lreights by so much as 30 per cent is certainly no mean achievement, and the Bombay Agents 0! the Nipon Yusen Kaisha. Messrs. Tata a: Sons. are to be congratulated on this result. For it was in no small degree due to the enterprise of Hr. ]. N. Tata, the head of the welLknown Hercaiitile House. that the japanese Company had made their venture here. '

“ Hr. Tata was: keen educationist and a dist-i do: at higher education. be gotten: y endowed a fund which enables youths of all castes to go to England for purposes of study. and which has been productive of great good. His Research University scheme is so well known that it would be superﬂuous to refer to itat length. Sufﬁce it to say that the Institution will be a lasting monument to his

t skill and attainments and the

ndinark of the magnanimlty of a man who expended his talents to the full sterling value (or the beneﬁts of the country at large.“

“ India lost a truly atriotic man who used the means at the coun. try had given him for the Country's good, and the Parser: community a man who raised its already high name among other communities still higher: one who was its great ornament and strength. its priest'- (in. rl lulu Jinn."

Mr WILLIAM HERBERT WALMSLEY. Managing l'artner of Messrs G. I". Kellner & Cit, Calcutta. In the comparatively short period of time of twelve years this gentle- nianhasbecnmetheheadol‘oue of the largest and most respected Mercantile Houses in India, as it was but in i894 that Mr. \l'nlinsley joined 6. F. Kellner 8: Co, as Manager, a

ﬁrm which lulhls in the East the [one tions of Spit-rs a: Pond in the West. Mr. \l'nlmaley. after completing his education at Reading, commenced his business career in the London firm of Cutler. l‘aliner & Co, in i882. and came out to India. for that House. in was. serving in their Madras. Bombay, and Calcutta Branches, ultimately becoming General Manager for India. Alter. serving Cutler, Palmer (it ('o. for nine years. he Inin in i894. and joined hfessrs G. F. Kellncr at Co. as manager. In i897 he was romoted to a )unior partnership and 5 since become senior partner. Founded in i853 the ﬁrm of G. F. Kellner a: C0. business at Burdwnrt. and have since gradinlly extended their