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 CLANRICARDE. 257 ship of his Clan, as the "MacWilliam,"(*) in 1520, by the death, s.p., of his first cousin, Ulick de Burgh. He was called by the Irish " Negan, "( n ) i.e. " the Beheader " •. was Governor of Connaught, and having surrendered is person bis large, estates into the hands of the King, received a re-grant thereof, with the Monastery of Do Via Nova, in the diocese of Clonfert, Sec, and was it., 1 July 1 543, EARL OF CLANRICARDEC) AND BARON OF DUNKELLIN [I.], under the designation of "Willicus Boruck, alias Makwilliam.'' x ) He Hi. firstly Grace, da. of ( — ) O'C.vit- notx, "Prince of Ely," from whom ho parted. He m. secondly, Honora du Buroh, from whom alsi> he parted. He m. thirdly (his 1st wife still living), Maria Lynch. ( e ) He d. (shortly after his elevation to the Earldom), 19 Oct. 1544. II. 1544. 2. Bh.'Jlahd (dh Burgh), Earl op Clanricarde, &c, [I.], h. and h., being only s. of the 1st marriage. His legitimacy was disputed (on the ground that his mother was the wife of one [— ] O'Melaohmn, at the time of his birth) by John, his br., by his father's 3d wife,( f ) but was filially established. The proceedings are enrolled 22 F.liz. He was called by the Irish " h'nssanagh," i.e. "the Englishman, having in 1548,1552 and 155:1 assisted the English against the Irish rebels." On 22 June 1559, he received a confirmation of his lauds and honours from ( a ) He was the grandson of Ulick de Burgh, feudal Lord of Clauricarde (1467-S7), the collateral heir male of the great Earls of Ulster [I.], extinct, in the direct male hue, 1333. Since that extinction " the two next male branches of the family,* took possession of the lands and, supported by the national feeling in favour nf the succession of heirs male, retained the greater part of them in defiance of all the efforts of the Crown. Lionel, Duke of Clarence, who had married the heir general, was sent over as Lord Lieut, of Ireland [1861-67], for the avowed purpose of enforcing his claims ; but found the feeling of the country too strong to give him any chance of success. The Crown at length had the good sense to give up the con- test, and to ennoble these two branches, by conferring upon them the peerages of Clanriekard and Mayo," See " Remarks upon the ancient Baronage of Ireland " (Dublin, 1829), page 77, written, doubtless, by W. Lynch, author of the " Feudal Baronies of Ireland." (t>) " Tfcgav, that is a capitibtis, having made a mount of the heads of men slain in battle, which he covered with earth." See "Lodge," i, p. 128. ( c ) The Chiefs of the great Irish Houses, were raised to the highest Peerage rank in Ireland (for such at that time was, for any subject, an Earldom) by Henry VIII and some of his successors per saltum, on their abandoning their almost regal power over their clan. Such was the Earldom of Tyrone and Barony of Dnngaiinon, conferred in 1542, respectively, on Con. O'Neill and his son and heir ap. ; the Enrldom of Clau- ricarde, conferred 1 July 1543, on UHck de Burgh alias MacWiHium ; the Earldom of Thomond (Barony of Inchicpiin), and Barony of Ibrackau, conferred respectively, also on 1 July 1543, on Murrough O'Brien and on his nephew ; the Earldom of Claneare, in 1565, on the Maecarty More ; and the Earldom of Tyrconnel, in 1603, on Kory O'DonneU. The Anglo-Irish, idso, were by Henry VIII liberally ennobled ; the family of Butler receiving the Baronies of Dunboyne and Cahir; the family of Plunkut, those of Diuisauy and Louth ; the family of Fitzpatrick, that of ITpper Ossory, the family of Birmingham that of Carbery, &c. C) "Creations, 1483-16 lo," in ap. 47th Rep. D.K. Pub. Records. ( e ) " See O'Donoughue's " O'Briens " (1860) p. 189, as to the marriages of this Earl and the legitimacy of his issue. ( f ) This John Burke 'was ev. Baron Leitvim [I.], 1582. As to his, ov his brother's (the Earl's) legitimacy, see ante, note " g." is the upper, nearer or southern MacWilliam," ancestor of the Earls of Clanrioarde ; and (2) '■Mac-William Owjhter, the lower, further, or northern MacWilliam," ancestor of the Earls of Mayo and of the extinct Viscounts Bourke of Mayo. S
 * According to " Lodge," Vol. 3, p. 414, these were (1) " Mae- William Eighier, that