Page:The City-State of the Greeks and Romans.djvu/21

CONTENTS xvii government in legislative and judicial matters, 163; in general administration, 164. Election by lot, 167. Respect for the laws, 168. Safeguards of the constitution, 170. Scope for individual talent, 172. Use of public wealth for artistic and educational purposes, 173. Genius finds a home at Athens, 175.

Drawbacks to the democracy : Athens a slave-owning State, 177. Condition of slaves at Athens, 179. Athens an imperial and tyrannic State, 180. Pericles' justification of this, 181. Reaction against Athens and Peloponnesian war, 183.

CHAPTER VII

The Period of Transition at Rome

Incredibility of the early history of the Republic, 184. But certain laws may be taken as facts, and serve as landmarks, 185. Rise of the plebs under Etruscan kings, 186. Changes attributed to Servius Tullius, 188. Patricians and plebs under the monarchy; origin and position of the plebs, 188-9. The plebs in the new military organisation of centuries, and in the four local tribes, 190 foll. Patricians and plebs after the abolition of the monarchy, 198.

Landmarks in the history of the equalisation of the two orders: 1. Political assembly of centuries, 194. 2. Tribunate of the plebs, 196. 3. Decemvirate and first legal code, 200. 4. Plebeian assembly becomes a legislative body, 202. 5. Marriage between patricians and plebeians made legal, 203. 6. Military tribunate with consular imperium open to plebeians, 204. 7. Consulship opened to plebeians, 205. Legislation of Licinius and Sextius compared with that of Solon, 206.

Beginnings of Roman law, 209. The Twelve Tables; jus civile, 210. Stability of Roman legal ideas, 211.