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CRONIN

Cratin, Sister Magdalen.

ARTICLE: Oblate Sisters of Providence.

Creagh, Reverend John Thomas, a.m., s.t.l., J.U.D., LL.B. Education: grammar and high schools, Wakefield, Massachusetts; Boston College; St. John's Seminary, Brighton, Massachusetts; Roman Semi- nary. Assistant professor (1897-1899), associate professor (1899-1906) and professor (1906-1913) of canon law, CathoHc University, Washington, D. C; rector, St. Aidan's, BrookUne, Massachusetts, 1913.

ARTICLES : Administrator (of Ecclesiastical Property) ; Benefice; Bouix, Marie Dominique.

Cret, Paul Philippe, o.a., sc.d., architect, b. at Lyons, France, 23 October, 1876. Education: Lyc^e of Bourg; School of Fine Arts, Lyons; School of Fine Arts, Paris. Professor of Design, University of Pennsylvania, 1903- ; instructor, Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, 1904—1907; married Marguerite Lahalle, 1905; served in the French army 191^1916. Architect dipldmi of the French Govern- ment. Architect, with Albert Kelsey, of the Pan- American Union Building, Washington, Valley Forge memorial arch, etc. Paris prize, 1896; Rougevin prize, 1901 ; grand medal of emulation, School of Fine Arts, Paris, 1901; 2nd prize, Concours Chenavard, 1903; gold medal. Salon des Champs Elysdes, Paris, 1903; has frequently served as judge of competitions held under auspices of American Institute of Archi- tects. Member of: the American Institute of Architects; Art Jury, Philadelphia; the Sigma Xi, University of Pennsylvania. Contributor to: "Archi- tectural Record"; "American Architect"; "The Craftsman".

ARTICLES: Animals in Christian Art.

Creutzberg, Heinkich Atjgitst, ph.D., professor and historian, b. at Krefeld on the Rhine, Germany, 20 January, 1884. Education: Gymnasium, Krefeld; Universities of Bonn, Freiburg-im-Breisgau, Munich, and Grenoble. Is engaged in teaching and historical research. Author of "Karl von Miltiltz" (Freiburg, 1907) ; contributor of reviews to various periodicals.

ARTICLE: George the Bearded.

Crimmins, John Daniel, contractor, b. in New York, 18 May, 1844, son of Thomas and Johanna (O'Keefe) Crimmins. Education: public schools and CoUege of St. Francis Xavier, New York. Married Lily Louise Lalor (d. 1888); partner in his father's contracting business, 1864; head of the firm, 1873-

presidential elector (democratic), 1892, 1904, 1908; president, Essex and Hudson Land Improvement Co., vice-president and director: N. Y. Mortgage and Security Co.; Broadway Safe Deposit Co.; Title Ins. Co. of N. Y.; director: Fifth Ave. Bank; Central-Hudson Steamboat Co.; Chelsea Realty Co.; U. S. Realty and Improvement Co.; Pa. Tunnel and Terminal R. R. Co.; treasurer: Board of Trustees of St. Patrick's Cathedral; Friendly Sons of St. Patrick; trustee: Catholic University of America; Seton Sanatorium; St. John's Day Nursery; Provident Loan Ass.; member of: the Board of Directors of the Cathohc Encyclopedia; the Board of Managers of St. Vincent's Hospital, Soc. for the Reformation of Juvenile Delinquents, Amer. S. P. C. A.; patron of the Museum of Natural History; member of: Metro- politan Museum of Art, Amer. Geographical Soc, fellow for life of Amer. Fine Arts Soc; created Knight Commander of the Order of St. Gregory the Great, by Pope Leo XIII, 1901. Author of: "Early Cele- brations of St. Patrick's Day in America" (1902); "Irish American Historical Miscellany" (1905); contributor to various periodicals.
 * park commissioner of New York, 1883-1888;

Crimont, Vert Reverend Joseph Raphael, S.J., b. at FerriSres, France, 2 February, 1858.

Education: College of La Providence, Amiens; Jesuit scholasticates, Amiens, Jersey, and Woodstock, Mary- land. Entered the Society of Jesus 1875; teacher at the College of St. Servais, Li6ge, Belgium; ordained 1888; missionary and superior, Crow Indian Reser- vation, St. Xavier'Sj Montana, 1890-1893; stationed at Holy Cross Mission, Yukon River, Alaska, 1893- 1896; superior 1896-1901; president,[Gonzaga College, Spokane, Washington, 1901-1904; Prefect Apostolic of Alaska, resident at Juneau and Fairbanks, 1904.

ARTICLE: Alaska.

Crivelli, Reverend Camillus, s.j., b. at Chiusa Pesio, Piedmont, Italy, 18 July, 1874. Education: primary studies in Monaco; Collegium Maximum, Tortosa, Spain; St. Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri. Entered the Society of Jesus 1888; ordained 1894; at various times professor of mechan- ics, cosmography, botany, and general history, 1898- 1901; former prefect at the Scientific Institute, Mexico City, Mexico; professor of philosophy and of Mexican and general history, St. Joseph's College, Guadalajara, Mexico, 1911-1913; rector. Sacred Heart CoUege, Puebla, Mexico, 1913-;. Author of: "II Transformismo ; collaborator in: Huby, "Christus", 2nd ed . (by Father Crivelli : ' ' Religion of the Aztecs ") ; contributor to: "Anales del Museo nacional de arqueologia, historia, y etnologia" (Mexico City).

ARTICLES: Eguiara t Eguren, Juan Jos^; Figueroa, Francisco GarcIa de la Rosa; G6mara, Francisco L6pez de; Herrera t Tordesillas, Antonio de; Hidalgo, Miguel; IxTLiLxocHiTL, Fernando DE Alba ; MartIn, Eneico; Mendi- BURN, Manuel de; Mendieta, Jer6nimo; Mexico; Molina, Alonso de; Morelos, Jos^ MarIa; Motilinia, Toribio de Benavente; Periodical Literature, Catholic (Mexico) ; Piz- ZARo, Francisco; Quer^taro; Saltillo; Sinaloa; Sonora; Tabasco; Tamaulipas; Tbhuantbpec; Tepic; Tlaxcala; Tu- LANCiNGo; Ulloa, Francisco de; Urdaneta, Andres; Vera Cruz ; YucatAn, Archdiocese of ; Zacatecas ; Zamora ; ZumXrraga, Juan de.

Croft, Right Reverend Monsignor William, b. at Liverpool, 14 October, 1836. Education: St. Francis Xavier's College, Liverpool; English College, Lisbon, at the same time as Bishop Brindle of Not- tingham. Ordained 1860; professor of Classics, English CoUege, Lisbon, 1860-1865; rector at Boston, Lincolnshire, England, 1865-1871; rector at Work- sop, Nottinghamshire, 1871-1875; missionary rector at Lincoln 1875- ; vicar-general of the diocese of Nottingham 1901- ; protonotary Apostolic 1905;

Erovost of Nottingham Chapter. As rector at lincoln has built new church. Presbytery, Parish Hall and additions to school. Author of an " Histori- cal Account of the English CoUege, Lisbon", and of a pamphlet against the continuity of the English Church. ARTICLE: Nottingham, Diocebe of.

Crofton, Katherine, b. at New London, Con- necticut, 27 March, 1889. Education: Convent of the Sacred Heart, Manhattan viUe, New York. Assistant librarian, Columbus Branch, New York PubHc Library, 1909-1910; Ubrarian, The Encyclo- pedia Press, Inc., 1910-

ARTICLE: Pahahtba, Diocese of.

Cronin, Right Reverend Monsignor Charles John, d.d. Education: St. Wilfrid's College, Oak- amoor, England; Oscott CoUege, Birmingham; English College and Gregorian University, Rome. Ordained 1893; mission priest, diocese of Birming- ham, 1894-1898; vice-rector, EngUsh College, Rome, 1898-1914; stationed at Oscott College, Birmingham, England, 1914^ ; private chamberlain to His HoUness 1907; procurator apud Romanam Curiam for several dioceses. Member of St. Bede's Society, Birmingham. Author of: "The New Matrimonial Legislation" (Rome, 1908; 3 eds.); collaborator in "History of ReUgions" (by Mgr. Cronin: "The