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et le second temple" fl892); "Le vceu de Jepht6" (1893); "Le lieu du culte dans la legislation ntuelle des H6breux" (1894); "Nouvelles etudes sur rhistoire de la Restauration juive apres I'exil de Babylone" (1896); "Le sacerdooe li?vitique dans la loi et dans I'histoire des Hi5breux" (1898); "Le traits du philo- sophe syrien Probus sur les premiers Analytiques d'Aristote" (1900); "Notes sur I'histoire de la Restauration juive aprfis I'exil de Babylone" (1901); "Une question touchant la composition du livre de Job" (1903); "La prophfitie relative k la naissance d'Immanu-El" (1904); "Les douze Petits Prophfetes traduits et comment^s" (1908); contributor to "Expository Times" (Edinburgh). ARTICLES: Malachias; Micheas; Nehemias, Book of.

Van Hove, Vert Revebend Canon Alphonse, J.C.D., b. at Thielt, West Flanders, Belgium, 7 August, 1872. Education: Seminary, Bruges, and Louvain University, Belgium. Ordained 21 Decem- ber, 1895; professor of the institutes of canon law and of Church history (1898-1908) and of introduction to canon law and public ecclesiastical law (1908- ), Louvain University; honorary canon of the cathedral of Bruges 1909. Author of: "Etudes sur les confiits de jurisdiction dans le diocfese de Liege k I'^poque d'Erard de la Marck ' ' (Louvain, 1900) ; ' ' Les f abriques d'^glises et le temporel du culte Catholique en Belgique", Fasc. I (Louvain, 1911); edited Kissel- stein, "Les dons et legs aux f abriques d'^glises parroissiales en Belgique", dissertations for doctorate of the Theological Faculty, Series 2, Vol. V (Louvain, 1912); contributor to: "Archives Beiges"; "Annales de la Societe d'Emulation" (Bruges); "Literarische Rundschau"; "Annuaire de I'Universit^ de Louvain"; "Bulletin de la Commission Royale d'Histoire"; "Analectes pour servir k I'Histoire Eccl^siastique de la Belgique"; "Revue d'Histoire Ecclesiastique".

ARTICLES: Apostasy; Bishop; BmLDiNGs, Ecclesiastical; Chapeauville, Jean; Corpus Juris Canonici; Decretals; Dens, Peter; Dbvoti, Giovanni; Diocese; Donation; DuMOTTLiN, Charles; Engel, Ludwig; Enthronization; EspEN, Zegeb Bernhard van; Expect ative; Extravag antes ; Fabrica Ecclesle; Fagnani, Prosper; Ferraris, Lucius; GiRALDi, Ubaldo; Gratian, Johannes; Gravina, Giovanni ViNCENZo; Hardouin, Jean; Henry of Segusio, Blessed; Hierarchy; Hontheim, Johannes Nicolaus von; Huguccio; Installation; Institution, Canonical; Investiture, Canoni- cal; Lancelotti, Giovanni Paolo; Legacies; Lex (Law); Liber Septimus; Liber Sextus, Decretalium; Luca, Giovanni Battista de; Nichol6 de' Tudeschi; CEconomus, Episcopal; Option, Right op; Paleotti, Gabriel; Papiensis, Bernardus; Pena, Francisco; Person, Ecclesiastical; Pirhing, Ernricus; PoLYCARPUs; Precedence; Preconization; Promulgation; Reiffenstuel, Johann Geoeg; Sandeo, Felino Maria.

Van Kasteren, Reverend John Peter, s.j., b. at Schijndel, North Brabant, Holland, 10 Jan., 1855. Education: Jesuit scholasticates at Marien- daal, Oudenbosch, and Maastricht, HoUand; Catholic University, Beirut, Syria. Entered the Society of Jesus 1874; professor, St. WiDibrord's College, Katwijk, HoUand, 1881-1886; ordained 1885; profes- sor of Holy Scripture, Jesmt scholasticate, Maas- tricht, 1891-. Takes an active interest in the Catholic Teachers' Unions and the Cathohc Tem- perance Movement in Holland; has travelled in Palestine. Author of: "Van den Sinai" (Nijmegen, 1904); "Het Matthaeusevangehe en de overlevering" (Bois-le-Due, 1906); "Hoe Je.sus predikte" (Haarlem, 1907; 2nd ed. 1909); "Wat Jesus predikte" (Nijme- gen, 1911); "De eerste brief van den Apostel Petrus" (Utrecht, 1911); pamphlets for St. Willibrord's Association; collaborator in: Vigouroux, "Diotion- naire de la Bible"; Dutch version of the Gospels and Acts (by Father Van Kasteren, Gospels of St. Luke and St. John, with notes) (Bois-le-Duc, 1906); contributor to: "Studien"; "Revue biblique"; "Zeitschrift des deutschen Palastina-Vereins", etc.

ARTICLES: Beatitudes; ChanaaN; Cornelius Cornelii A Lafide.

Van Ortroy, Reverend Francis, s.j., Bollandist, b. at Alost, Belgium, 3 July, 1854. Education: one of the Jesuit colleges in Belgium. Entered the Society of Jesus 1871 ; former professor of rhetoric at one of the colleges of his order; ordained 1886; writer on the staff of the "Acta Sanctorum", Brussels, Belgium, 1887-. Contributor to "Analecta Bollandiana " ; etc., etc.

ARTICLES: Francis de Geronimo, Saint; John Francis Regis, Saint; Ribadeneiha, Pedro de; Ricci, Lorenzo; Stanislas Kostka, Saint.

Vanous, Reverend Francis, b. at Komarov, Bohemia, Austria, 2 July, 1873; d. 5 April, 1915. Education: Gymnasium and Seminary, Budweis, Bohemia. Ordained 1897; founder of St. Agnes (Bohemian) Church, Chicago. Author of: Apologetic treatises; various translations into Bohemian from French and German.

ARTICLE: Czech Language and Literature.

Vaschalde, Reverend Arthur Adolphe, c.s.b., S.T.L., Ph.D., b. at St. Pons, Ardeche, France, 1 March, 1871. Education: Sacred Heart College, Annonay, France; St. Basil's scholasticate, Toronto, Canada; Catholic University, Washington, D. C. Entered the C'^mmunity of St. Basil 1892; ordained 1895; professor of philosophy. Assumption College, Sandwich, Canada, 1895-1900, and St. Michael's College, 'Toronto, Canada, 1903-1910; examiner in Catholic philosophy. University of Toronto, 1906- 1910; instructor in Semitic languages^ 1910-1916, and professor of same, 1916-, Catlaohc University, Washington. Author of: "Three Letters of Philox- enus. Bishop of Mabbogh" (Ronie, 1903); "Philoxeni Mabbugensis Tractatus de Trinitate et de Incarna- tione" (Corpus scriptorum christianorum Orien- talium) (Paris, 1907).

ARTICLES: Mesrob; Nerseb I-IV; Nerses of Lambron; Philoxenus op Mabbogh; Serapion of Thmuis, Saint; Tell-el-Amabna Tablets.

Vattakalam, Vert Reverend Matthew, s.t.b., b. at Kumaracam, Travancore, India, 18 March, 1864, son of Joseph Valet and Mary Vattakalam. Education: seminaries at Mangalapusha and Braman- galam, Travancore; Propaganda, Rome. Ordained 1897; secretary to Bishop Makil, vicar Apostolic of Changanacherry, India, and professor of Latin, St. John Berchmans High School, Changanacherry, 1897-1905; resident at Quilon, India, 1906-1907; councillor to Bishop Makil 1907-1911; vicar forane, St. George's Church, Edekatt, Kottayam, 1908- ; councillor to Bishop Makil in the latter's new office of vicar Apostohc of Kottayam 1911-. Built a chapel at Nattagam, India, and converted over thirty Pulayas to the Catholic Church; attended with Bishop Makil the Eucharistic Congress, Goa, 1900. Collaborator in "Madras Catholic Directory" (1910); contributor to: "Bombay Catholic Examiner"; "Illustrated Catholic Missions" (London); "Vera Roma"; "Catholic Watchman" (Madras), etc.

ARTICLE: Changanacherry, Vicariate Apostolic of.

Veale, Reverend James, b.a., d.d., b. at Dunhill, Co. Waterford, Ireland, 1873. Education: National School and Christian Brothers' School, Mount Sion, Waterford, and Mungret College, Limerick, Ireland; Royal University of Ireland; North American CoUege and Propaganda, Rome. Ordained 1899; assistant, Church of the Immaculate Conception, Jacksonville, Florida, 1900-1902; rector, St. Joseph's Church, Mandarin, Florida, 1902-1911; engaged in parish work, Rochester, New York, 1911-1912; rector, St. James's Church, Waverly, New York, 1912j at present professor of logic, general meta- physics and history of philosophy, St. Bernard's Seminary, Rochester. Founder and editor (1907- 1909), "Florida CathoUc". Author of a brief