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 laume; Diab, Babtolomett; Dicuil; Europe; Gama, Vasco da; Geography and the Church; Glarean, Henry; John of MONTECORVINO ; LORRAINE; MAGELLAN, FERDINAND ; MaGNUS Olaus; Mailla, Josbph-Anna-Marib de Motria de; Mande- viLLE, Jean de; Martyr d'Anghiera, Peter; Navarre; Nubia; Pordenone,Odoric of.

Hartigan, Reverend Jeremiah Augustus, s.j., D. litt. orient. , Orientalist, b. at Foynes, Co. Limerick, Ireland, 18 August, 1882; d. at Amara, Mesopotamia, 16 July, 1916. Education: Sacred Heart College, Limerick; Mungret College; St. Stanislaus College, Tullamore; Royal University of Ireland; St. Joseph's University, Beirut, Syria. Entered the Society of Jesus 1898; former teacher of Classics, Clongowes Wood> College, Co. Kildare (three years) ; volunteering as chaplain to the British forces in 1915, he was sent early in 1916 to Mesopo- tamia, where he died in the service of the sick at Amara. Received diplomas for proficiency in Arabic, S3Tiac, Hebrew, and Coptic. Author of: "The Preislamic poet, Bishr ibn Abt Khdzim" (thesis for doctorate); former contributor to: "Melanges de la Faculty Orientale de Beyrouth"; "Studies".

ARTICLES: Maqeddo; Maspha (5); Saba and Sabeans; Tiberias, Sea of.

Harty, Most Reverend John M., d.d.. Arch- bishop of Cashel, Ireland, b. at Murroe, Co. Limerick, Irelaiid, 1867. Education: St. Patrick's College, Thurles, Ireland; Maynooth; Gregorian University, Rome. Ordained 1894; professor of dogmatic theology (1895-1904), and of moral theology and canon law (1904^1914), Maynooth; Archbishop of Cashel, Ireland, 1914^. Hon. Secretary May- nooth Union. Theological correspondent "Irish Ecclesiastical Record"; co-editor "Irish Theological Quarterly".

ARTICLES: Definition, Theological; Pkobabilism; Tyrannicide.

Hassett, Right Reverend Monsignoe Maurice M., D.D., i/L.D., vicar-general, diocese of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, b. in Co. Tipperary, Ireland, 15 November, 1869. Education: Ireland; Ottawa Uni- versity, Canada; Mt. St. Mary's Seminary, Emmits- burg, Maryland; Cathohc University, Washington. Ordained 1895; rector, cathedral, HarrLsburg, 1899- 1903 ; instructor in Christian archaeology and medieval Church history. Catholic University, Washington, 1903-1905 ; once more rector of the cathedral, Harris- burg, 1905- ; domestic prelate 1909; vicar- general, diocese of Harrisburg, 1913-. Erected a clubhouse for young men and women, cathedral parish, Harrisburg, 1910; assisted Bishop Shanahan of Harrisburg in the building of the cathedral, 1905-1906. Contributor to: "Catholic University Bulletin"; "American CathoKc Quarterly Review".

ARTICLES : A and H (Alpha and Omega) ; Altar, History of the Christian; Ama; Ambrosian Basilica; Amphor.e; Ampullae; Amulet; Anchor (as symbol). The; Ancilla Dei; Angels, Early Christian Representations of; Arca; Arcobolium; Ass, The, in Caricature of Christian Beliefs and Practices; Banduri, Anselmo; Bisomus; Bosio, Antonio; Carthage; Cassian, John; Cathedra; Cella; Christian Archaeology; Ciampini, Giovanni Giubtino; Coliseum; Encolpion; Eucharist, Early Symbols of the; Fish, Symbolism of the; Fossors; Cjraffiti; Labarum; Lamb, The, in Early Christian Symbolism; Lamps, Early Christian; Lateran, Christian Museum of; Lucina, Cbypt of; Mamertinb Prison; Martyr; Matricula; Monogram of Christ; Orans; Orientation OF Churches; Palm in Christian Symbolism; Paphnutics (3); Portraits of the Apostles; Presbytery; Ring of THE Fisherman, The; Scillium, Martyrs of.

Havey, Very Reverend Francis Patrick, s.s., D.D. Education: St. John's Parish School and public high school. New Haven, Connecticut; St. Charles College, Elhcott City, Maryland; St. Bonaventure's College, Allegany, New York; St. John's Seminary, Boston; Catholic Institute, Paris. Curate, cathedral, Hartford, Connecticut, 1889-1896; entered the Sulpician Order; professor of Church history, Dunwoodie Seminary, Yonkers, New York, 1898-1904;

professor of moral theology (i904r^l906) and rector (1906-1911), St. John's Seminary, Boston; superior, St. Austin's College, Washington, 1911-1912; vice- president, St. Charles College, Catonsville, Maryland, 1912-1913; superior, St. Austin's College, Washing- ton, 1913-1914; professor of Ascetic and Pastoral Theology and Homiletics, St. Mary's Seminary, Baltimore, 1914-

ARTICLES: Adamites; Adventists; African Synods; Alogi; Amboise, George d'; Arabici; Aubtremonius, Saint; Autpert, Ambrose; Clement of Alexandria.

Hawley, Jess Bradford, ll.b., lawyer, b. at Quartzburg, Idaho, 18 June, 1882. Education: high school, Boise, Idaho; Columbian University, Wash- ington, D. C. Practising lawyer; resident at Boise. Organized Knights of Columbus in Idaho; first Territorial and State Deputy, Idaho Knights of Columbus. ARTICLE: Idaho.

Hayes, Right Reverend Patrick J., a.m., d.d., AuxiUary Bishop of New York, b. in New York, 20 November, 1867. Education: Catholic Schools and Manhattan College, New York; St. Joseph's Semi- nary, Troy, New York; Cathohc University, Wash- ington. Ordained 1892; assistant, St. Gabriel's Church, New York, 1893-1902; secretary to Arch- bishop Farley 1902; domestic prelate, 1907; chancellor, archdiocese of New York, 1903-1914; president of Cathedral College, New York, 1903-1914; permanent rector, church of St. Stephen, New York; titular Bishop of Tagaste and auxiUary Bishop of New York, 1914^

ARTICLES: Archiveb, Ecclesiastical; Dubois, John; Hughes, John.

Healy, Most Reverend John, d.d., ll.d., m.b.t.a.. Archbishop of Tuam, Ireland, b. at BaUinafad, Co. Shgo, Ireland, 14 November, 1841. Education: Classical School, Sligo; Immaculate Conception College, SummerhiU, Athlone; Maynooth. Ordained 1867; successively professor at Immaculate Concen- tion College, SummerhiU, curate at Ballygar, Co. Galway, curate at Grange, Co. Shgo, and professor of theology, Maynooth, 1867-1883; prefect of the Dunboyne Establishment, Maynooth, and editor of the "Irish Ecclesiastical Record", 1883-1884; Co- adjutor Bishop of Clonfert 1884-1896; Bishop of Clonfert 1896-1903; Archbishop of Tuam 1903- ; senator of the National University of Ireland; member of the Governing Board of University College, Galway, and the Board of Agriculture and Technical Instruction for Ireland; commissioner for the Pubhcation of the Brehon Laws. Won double concursus for chairs of theology and rhetoric, May- nooth, 1879; engaged in a controversy in the "Irish Ecclesiastical Record" with Cardinal Newman on the extent of the Inspiration of Scripture, 1884; member of the Robertson Commission on University Education in Ireland; participated in and delivered an address on Loyalty to the Pope at the Eucharistic Congress, Westminster, 1908; senator of the late Royal University of Ireland. President of the Irish Cathohc Truth Society since its foundation, 1889; vice-president Royal Society of Antiquaries for Ireland; member (and ex-president) Co. Galway Archaeological Society. Author of: "Ireland's Ancient Schools and Scholars" (1890; 4 other eds); "Centenary History of Maynooth College" (1895); "Record of the Centenary Celebrations of Maynooth College" (1896); "Life and Writings of St. Patrick" (1905); "Irish Essays" (1908); contributor to: "Dublin Review"; "Irish Monthly"; "Irish Ec- clesiastical Record".

ARTICLES: Aran, the Monastic School of; Armagh, the School of; Clonard, School of; Clonfert, Diocese of; Clonmacnoise, Abbey and School of; Cork, School of; Derry, School of; Durrow, School of; Glendalouqh, School of; Iona, School of; Kells, School of; Kildare, School of;