Page:The Bonn Constitution (Basic Law FRG 1949).pdf/19

 adherence or non-adherence to a confession or ideology (Weltanschauung).

(4) The exercise of state authority (hoheitsrechtliche Befugnisse) shall normally be assigned as permanent functions to members of the public service who are in a status of service and loyalty under public law.

(5) Law regarding the public service shall be regulated with due regard to the established principles concerning the legal status of professional officials (Berufsbeamtentum).

If any person, in exercising the duties of a public office entrusted to him, violates his official obligation towards a third party, liability shall in principle rest with the state or his employing authority. In the case of wilful intent or gross negligence, the right of recourse shall be reserved. In respect to the claim for damages and in respect to the right of recourse, appeal to the ordinary courts must not be excluded.

All federal and Land authorities shall render each other mutual legal and official assistance.

In the highest federal authorities civil servants (Beamte) from all Laender shall be employed in equitable ratio. Persons employed in the other federal offices shall normally be selected from the Land in which they are employed.

(1) If a Land fails to fulfil its obligations towards the Federation under the Basic Law or any other federal law, the Federal Government may, with the approval of the Bundesrat, take the necessary Rh