Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 10.djvu/79

 STUART

STUART

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3, 1855 ; was married, Nov. 14, 1855, to Flora, daughter of Col. Philip St. George Cooke, and was promoted 1st lieutenant, Dec. 20, 1855. He served as volunteer aide-de-camp to Col. Robert E. Lee, on the Harper's Ferry expedition to sup- press John Brown's raid in 1859 ; was on frontier duty in Kan- sas, 1859-GO ; took part in the Keovva and Comanche expe- dition of 1860, and was promoted cap- tain, April 23, 1861, but upon the seces- sion of Virginia, he resigned his commis- sion and was pro- moted lieutenant-col- onel of Virginia in- fantry, May 10, 1861. He reported to Col. Thomas J. Jackson at Harper's Ferry ; was pro- moted colonel of cavalry, July 16, 1861, and was given command of the 1st Virginia cavalry which he commanded at the first battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861, driving back the Union attack. He was promoted brigadier-general, Sept. 24, 1861 ; guarded the rear of the Confederate retreat from Yorktown to Richmond ; commanded four regi- ments of infantry at the battle of Dranesville, Dec. 20, 1861, but was defeated by Gen. E. O. C. Ord, and commanded Confederate cavalry in the seven days' battles before Richmond, June 25-July 1, 1862. He was promoted major-gen- eral, July 25, 1863 ; made a raid on Gen. John Pope's camp at Catlett's Station, Aug. 22, 1863, and captured his official correspondence, and on Aug. 33 made a similar attack on Manassas Junction. He commanded the cavalry division. Army of Northern Virginia, at the second battle of Bull Run, Aug. 39-30, 1863 ; commanded the cavalry in the Maryland campaign ; took part in the battle of Antietam, where he led the move- ment that resulted in the defeat of Gen. Edwin V. Sumner's corps. On Oct. 10, 1863, he started on his famous " ride around McClellan," crossing the Potomac near Williamsport, and riding as far north as Mercersburg, Pa. ; returned on the other side of McClellan's army, eluding Pleasonton's vigorous pursuit, and I'ecrossed the river near the mouth of the Monocacy. He commanded the cavalry corps. Army of Northern Virginia, at the battle of Fredericksburg, guarding the extreme Confederate right. His cavalry took part in the battle of Chancellorsville, and when Gen. T. J. Jackson was mortally wounded, and Gen. Am- brose Hill disabled, he succeeded to the command of the 2d army corps ; retook the position at Hazel

Grove, from which Jackson had been repulsed, and then the Federal army fell back from Chancellorsville and Fairview. He commanded the cavalry division at Gettysburg, July 1-3, 1863 ; was detailed to guard the flanks of the ad- vance guard of General Lee's army, but was checked at Fleetwood and Stevensburg by the Federal cavalry. He made a raid in the rear of the Federal army, rejoining the Army of North- ern Virginia, July 3, 1863, and guarded the moun- tain gaps during the retreat from Gettysburg, During the remainder of the summer of 1863 he engaged in skirmishes with the cavalry under Generals Kilpatrick and Bufort, and defeated the cavalry under General Pleasonton at Brandy Station, and the brigade imder Gen. Henry E. Davies near Buckland. He commanded the cav- alry corps, Army of Northern Virginia, during Grant's campaign against Richmond, taking part in the battles of the Wilderness and Spottsylvania, Hearing of Sheridan's advance to Richmond, he concentrated his forces at Yellow Tavern, where, on May 11, 1864, he was mortally wounded while urging on his men. His last words on the field of battle were: "Go back! I would rather die than be whipped ! " He died in Richmond, Va,, May 13, 1864,

STUART, John Todd, representative, was born near Lexington, Ky., Nov. 10, 1807; son of Robert Stuart, and grandson of Levi Todd. He was graduated from Centre college, Ky., in 1826, and in 1828 removed to Sjiringfield, 111. , where he pi'actised law. He attained the rank of major in the Black Hawk war, 1832, and there met Abraham Lincoln. He was a Whig representa- tive in the state legislature, 1833-36 ; was unsuc- cessful candidate for representative in the 25th congress in 1836 ; was a Whig representative in 26th and 27th congresses, 1839-43 ; a state senator, 1848-53, and a Democratic representative in the 38th congress, 1863-64. He aided Abraham Lin- coln greatly in his early struggle for an educa- tion, and wliile his place was yet unmade in the world, took him for a law partner. He died in Springfield, 111., Nov. 23, 1885.

STUART, Moses, Hebraist, was born in Wil- ton, Conn., March 26, 1780. He was graduated at Yale, A.B., 1799, A.M., 1802, studied law and became a tutor at Yale in 1802. He studied the- ology, 1804-06, and was settled over a Congrega- tional church in New Haven, 1806-10. He was professor of sacred literature at Andover in 1810, and devoted himself to the study of the Hebrew language and filled the chair at Andover during his entire active life. He wrote a Hebrew gram- mar in 1813, on which he was obliged to do the type-setting, because he could find no compositors who knew the Hebrew characters. Tlirough his interest in German philologists and archaeologists,