Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 09.djvu/87

 REYNOLDS

REYNOLDS

He hurried forward with one small division, and ordered the rest to follow. On reaching the lield, he immediately put his division into action and with Buford mapped out a plan of battle, and when his reinforcements arrived, led Meredith's " Iron Brigade " in an attempt to dislodge a Con- federate force in a wood. He struck heavy, suc- cessive blows, turned the enemy's right, captured the commander and routed the brigade. Rey- nolds was killed by a sharp-shooter, while leading the charge, but not before his quick decision in selecting the field of battle had given the ad- vantage of position to the Federal army. The members of his corps erected a bronze heroic statue of him (executed by John Q. A. Ward) on the field of battle, and his portrait by Alex- ander Laurie is in the library of the U.S. Mili- tary academy. The state of Pennsylvania placed a granite shaft on the spot where he fell, and in 1884 the Reynolds' Memorial association unveiled a bronze equestrian statue of him by John Rogers in Philadelphia, which statue was the gift of Joseph E. Temple. See " Reynolds Memorial Address" by Joseph G. Rosengarten (1880). He was killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July 1, 1863.

REYNOLDS, John Parker, agriculturist, was born in Lebanon, Ohio, March 1, 1820; son of John Parker and Laura Patience (Willson) Reynolds ; grandson of Gilbert and Experience (Hurd) Willson of Bennington county, Vt., and great-grandson of Joseph Reynolds, a native of Duchess county, N.Y., and a descendant of Jona- than Reynolds of Warren. R.I., w^ho came to America from Devonshire, England, in 1650. He was graduated from Miami university, A.B., 1838, A.M., 1841. and from the Cincinnati Law college, LL.B., 1840. and was admitted to the bar in 1841, He was married, Nov. 3, 1842, to Eliza Ann, daughter of William and Sarah Bebb of Hamil- ton, Oliio ; practised law in Hamilton, 1841-48; conducted a stock and fruit farm in Winnebago ■county, III., and subsequently in Marion county, 1850-60. He was secretary of the Illinois State Agricultural society, Springfield, 111., 1860-68; its president, 1871, and a member of its board of directors for twenty-seven years ; president of the Illinois state sanitary commission, 1862-65 ; delegate to the Paris Universal exposition of 1867, when he served on the jury of agricultural im- plements and establishments ; president of the Illinois state board of agriculture, Chicago, 111., 1871-73 ; secretary and director of the interstate industrial exposition of Chicago, 1873-91 ; presi- dent of the Illinois state commission to the Cen- tennial exposition at Philadelphia, 1876 ; cliief state inspector of grain, 1877-82 ; and director-in- chief of the Illinois state commission for the World's Columbian exposition, 1891-93. He re- ceived the honorary degree of LL.D. from Miami

university in 1896, and was a frequent contribu- tor to agricultural and scientific journals.

REYNOLDS, Joseph Jones, soldier, was born in Flemingsburg, Ky., Jan. 4, 1832. He was ap- pointed to the U.S. Military academy from Indi- ana and was graduated from there and brevetted 2d lieutenant, 4th artillery, July 1, 1843. He took part in the military occupation of Texas, 1845-46, and was commissioned 2d lieutenant, 3d artillery. May 11, 1846. He was assistant professor of geography, history and ethics at the U.S. Military academy, 1846-47 ; of natural and experimental philosophy, 1847-49, and principal assistant pro- fessor of the same, 1849-55. He was promoted 1st lieutenant, 3d artillery, March 3, 1847 ; served on frontier duty at Fort Washita. Indian Ty., 1855-56, and resigned from the army, Feb. 28, 1857. He was professor of mechanics and engi- neering in Washington university, St. Louis, Mo., 1836-60, and a merchant at Lafayette, Ind., 1860- 61. On April 27, 1861, he was commissioned colonel of the 7th Indiana volunteers, placed in command of Camp Morton at Indianapolis, Ind., was promoted brigadier-general of Indiana vol- unteers, May 10, 1861, and ]May 7 was commis- sioned brigadier-general of the U.S. volunteers. He served in western Virginia under McClellan and Rosecrans, and when in September, 1861, Rosecrans marched against Wise, Reynolds was left in command of the Cheat mountain district, which he defended in two lively combats, Sept. 12 and 14, preventing the diversion of Rosecrans from his campaign, and on Oct. 3, 1861. he at- tacked the Confederates at Greenbrier river. He resigned his commission, Jan. 23, 1862, and until the following November spent his time enlisting troops in Indiana. He was commissioned colonel of the 75th Indiana volunteers, Aug. 21, 1862 ; and on Sept. 17, 1862, was promoted brigadier- general, and attached to the Army of the Cum- berland. He was promoted major-general, Nov. 29, 1862, and in June, 1863, when Rosecrans dis- lodged Bragg at TuUahoma, Tenn., Reynolds' division supported Col. J. T. Wilder's mounted infantry at Hoover's Gap and pushed Stewart back to the main body. At Chickamauga. Ga., he commanded the 4th division, 14th (Thomas's) corps, and at the opening of battle was placed on a crest with three other divisions, and when Long- street broke through the Union line, these four divisions were cut off from the rest of the line and were the onlj' part of Rosecrans's command to hold its ground in the face of Longstreefs desperate attack. Reynolds was made chief of staff of the Army of the Cumberland, Oct. 10, 1863. and in this capacity took part in the battle of Chattanooga, In January, 1864, b.e was given command of the defenses of New Orleans, La=, and on July 7, 1864, was made commander of the