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SMALLS

of Arts and Sciences of the Louisiana Purchase exposition. He is the author, in collaboration with George E. Vincent, of Introduction to the Study of Society (1894:). His other publications are monographs, the niosfe important of which are catalogued in the Decennial Publications of the University of Chicago.

SMALL, John Bryan, A.M.E.Z. bishop, was born in St. Joseph's parish, Barbadoes, B.W.L, March 14, 1845; son of John Bryan and Kitty Small. He was graduated at St. John Lodge, and at Codrington college, Barbadoes, A.B., S.T.B., and A.M. He visited the -west coast of Africa, 1862-65, held a government clerk- ship in Belize, Hon- duras, 1866, and sub- sequently entered the ministry of the Wesleyan Methodist church. In 1871, while visiting the United States, he y ^—f^ joined the African

CJ^'i^^<=cM. Methodist Episcopal ^"^-"^^^^--—...^ Zion church. He was

C ^"""^ married, Oct. 23, 1873,

to Mary J. Blair of Norwalk, Conn., an ordained minister of the A.M.E.Z. church. He served a number of chai'ges in the New England, North Carolina, and Phila- delphia and Baltimore conferences, and in 1896 was elected bishop of the last named. The foreign mission work' of his church was put under his supervision, and occupied a great deal of his time and attention. He received from Living- ston college, N.C., the honorary degree of D.D. in 1887. Bishop Small is author of: Practical and Exegetical Pulpiteer; The Human Heart Illustrated; Code on Discipline of the A.M.E. Zion Church; and Predestination; Its Scriptural Import.

SMALL, John Humphrey, representative, was born in Washington, N.C., Aug. 29, 1858; son of John Humphrey and Sally (Sanderson) Small. He attended Trinity college, N.C., but left in 1876 to teacli school until 1880. He was admitted to the bar in 1881, and was reading clerk of the state senate, and superintendent of schools in Beau- fort county that year. He was solicitor of the inferior court of Beaufort county, 1882-85: pro- prietor and editor of the Washington (N.C.) Gazette, 1883-86; attorney of the board of com- missioners of Beaufort county, 1888-96; member of the city council, 1887-90, and for one year during that period, was mayor of Washington. He was chairman of the Democi'atic executive committee of the first congressional district in

1888, and of Beaufort county, 1889-1898; and was a Democratic presidential elector from the first con- gressional district of North Carolina in 1897. He was married in 1890 to Isabella C, daughter of Ru- fus W. and Mary L. (Perry) Wharton, of Washing- ton, N.C. He was chairman of the public school committee for several years and represented the first district of Nortli Carolina in the 56th, 57th and 58th congresses, 1899-1905.

SMALLEY, George Washburn, journalist, was born in Franklin, Suffolk county, Mass., June 2, 1833; son of the Rev. E. and Louisa (Washburn) Smalley. He was graduated from Yale, A.B., 1853, A.M., 1856; studied law under George F. Hoar, at Worcester. Mass., 1853-54, and at the Harvard Law school, 1854-55. He practised law in Boston, 1856-61; and accom- panied the Federal army under General Fremont, as a correspondent to the New York Tribune. He served as aide to Gen. Joseph Hooker at the battle of Antietam. and in 1863 became a mem- ber of the editorial staff of the Tribune. He was married in 1862 to Phoebe Gamant, adopted daugh- ter of Wendell Phillips of Boston, Mass. He was in Europe during the war between Prussia and Austria in 1866; and organized the London branch of the New York Tribune, in 1867. He was in charge of the European correspondence of the Tribune, 1867-95; and was special U.S. com- missioner at the Paris exposition of 1878; and became American correspondent of the London Times in July, 1895. He is the author of London Letters (1890); Studies of Men (1895).

SMALLS, Robert, representative, was born in Beaufort, S.C, April 5, 1839; son of Robert and Lydia Smalls. He was a slave until May, 1863, when he procured his freedom, began the rigger's trade in Charleston, and soon drifted into a sea- faring life, sailing about the coasts of South Car- olina and Florida and acquiring a knowledge of the various inlets and harbors which he used to the advantage of the Federal army and navy in 1862-65. In 1861 he entered service on the Con- federate steamboat Planter of Charleston Harbor, and May 13, 1862, while the officers were absent in the city, Smalls, in charge of the crew of eight colored men, ran the vessel down the bay and de- livered her to the Federal authorities. He was pilot of the U.S. monitor Keokuk in the famous attack on Fort Sumter in April, 1863, when she was struck by Confederate balls 96 times. 19 shots passing through her; she sank next morning off Light House inlet. Smalls, with her commander, Ryan, after a narrow escape, was taken aboard the Ironsides. He w-as pilot of the U.S. navy until July, 1863, when General Gilmore took charge of the department of tfie south and Smalls was taken into the quartermaster's de- partment and made pilot in charge of Light