Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 09.djvu/284

 SCHWAN

SCHWATKA

Kunze, missionaries and theologians in Pliiladel- phia and New York. He was graduated from Yale. -V.B.. ISSO; A.M., 1S8S ; was a post-graduate at Yale. ISS6-87 ; at Berlin university, 1887-88, and at Gottingen university, 1887-89, receiving from Gottingon t lie degree of Ph.D., 1889. He was married, Oct. 5, 1893, to Edith A., daughter of Samuel S. and .Vurelia S. (Crossette) Fisher of Cincinnati. He w;vs assistant professor of poli- tical economy at Yale. 1893-98, and in the latter 3'ear was promoted professor of tlie same. He w.as elected a member of the American and British Economical associations, and is the author of : '* History of New York Property Tax," in the proceedings of the American Economical Associa- tion (vol. v.. 1890); Revo! lit ion art/ History of Fort Xiimber Eight, New Haven (1897); TJie Con- federate States of America ( 1901) ; and articles on the " History of the Confederate States," in the Political Science Quarterly (1897). He also con- tributed editorials to the Yale Review, 1892-1903, and in 1898 a set of statistics dealing with the vocations of Yale graduates, 1800-93.

SCHWAN, Theodore, soldier, was born in Hanover, Germany, July 9, 1841 ; son of the Rev. H. C. Schwan. He attended the gym- nasium at Stade, and came to the United States in 1857. He enlisted in the U.S. army as private in the 10th infantry, and was advanced to the position of quartermaster-sergeant and served in the Utali e.xpedition, 1857-58, proceeding from the winter camp at Fort Bridger, where the army suffered great hardships, to the Salt Lake Valley in the spring of 1858. His regiment was ordered east in 1862. and he was promoted 2d lieutenant, Oct. 31. 1863. and 1st lieutenant, April 9, 1864. His services in the Army of the Potomac included the Chaucellorsville and Gettysburg campaigns, and Grant's operations in the Wilderness and at Petersburg. He commanded his regiment at the battle of Sjiring Church and Chapel House. Sep- tember-October, 1864. He was brevetted captain, Dec. 1. 1864. for Chapel House and awarded a gold medal of honor for most distinguished gal- lantry in action at Preble's Farm. Va., in dragging, at the imminent risk of his own life, a wounded and helpless officer to the rear, thus saving him from death. He was promoted captain, U.S.A., March 14, 1866. and brevetted major, March 2, 1867, for gallant and meritorious services during the civil war : served in Minnesota, Texas and Dakota, 1866-'^6. and was instructor at the Fort Leavenworth School of Application. He was promoted major and assistant-adjutant-general, July 6, ISSH ; lieutenant-colonel. Feb. 19,1805 ; col- onel, May 18, 1898, and atthe beginning of theSpan- ish war. was appointed brigadier-general of volun- teers. May 9. 1898. in command of the 1st division, 4th army corps. He was in camp near Mobile.

Ala., June 4-July 20, 1898, and at Miami, Fla., to July 1, 1898, and commanded his regular brigade, 2d division, 4th army corps, at Tampa, Fla., to July 23, and at Ponce, Porto Rico, July 31, 1898. He engaged the Spanish troops at Homiguero, Aug. 8. and at the crossing of the Rio Tietro, Aug. 13, the last engagement in the war with Spain, for which he received from General Miles the niessage : " Commanding General sends congratulations and thanks. He relies implicitly on your skill, good judgment and generalship." He was chief of staff to the commanding general, 8th army corps, and principal assistant to the military governor of the Philippine Islands, Aug. 10. 1899-April 15, 1900. He commanded an ex- pedition (Oct. 7-17, 1899) instructed to destroy or scatter insurgent forces in Cavite province. Concerning the results accomplished. General Lawton reported : " In the exercise of good judg- ment, perseverance and energy General Schwan has successfully conducted his expedition, through a country almost impassable for an army at the most favorable period, during the rainy season upon which the enemy depended for their safety; and I recommend that for personal gallantry dis- played on this occasion, and for the successful conduct of this difficult expedition he be awarded a brevet in the regular army." With an army of 4000 men of all arms he conducted an expedi- tion to clear the Cavite, Batangas, Laguna and Tayabas provinces of insurgents, accomplishing the purpose between Jan. 3, and Feb. 8, 1900, and permanently occupying twenty-one towns. He was appointed brigadier-general, U.S.A.. Feb. 2, 1901, and was retired from active service, Feb. 21, 1901.

SCHWATKA, Frederick, explorer, was born in Galena, III.. Sept. 29, 1849. He removed to Oregon with his parents in 1853, attended Wil- lamette university at Salem, Ore., worked as a printer, and in 1867 entered the U.S. Military academy. He was graduated and commissioned 2d lieutenant in the 3d cavalry, June 12, 1871 ; was admitted to the bar. May 5, 1875, and was gradu- ated from Bellevue Hospital Medical col- lege in 1876. He participated in the actions at Tongue

River Heights. June 9. 1876: Rose Bud Hills, June 17, 1876. and Slim Buttes. Sept. 9, 1876. Schwatka heard from Thomas F. Barry, a captain