Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 08.djvu/80

 NEWTON

NEWTON

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18S3 and again in 1891, when he demanded a regular trial from liis bishop, which was not granted. He was active in philantlnopic and re- form movements and became known as a Chris- tian socialist. In 1S90 he attempted with Father Diicey a municipal reform in New York city, being largely in- strumental in organ- izing the People's Municipal league. His parish bought the building of the Church of the Holy Spirit, Madison ave- nue and 66th street, in 1890. He served as vice-president of the Liberal Congress of Religions and di- rector of the New York State Confer- ence of Religions, also president of the Inter- national Mttapliysical league. He received the degree of D.D. from Union college in 1881. He is the author of: Cldklren's Church, a hymn- book (1872); The Morals of Trade (1876); Woman- hood (1879); Studies' of Jesus {18Sl)\ The Right and Wrong Uses of the Bible (1883): The Book of the Beginnings, a Study of Genesis {188i); PJiil- istinismilSS')): Social Stiidies (1886): Church and Creed (1891); Christian Science (1898), and mag- azine articles, reviews, sermons and addresses.

NEWTON, Robert Crittenden, soldier, was born in Little Rock, Ark., June 3, 1840; son of Thomas W. and Eliza (Allen) Newton: grandson of Col. John Allen, who wa-s killed while leading his regiment at the battle of River Raisin, Jan. 22, 1813, and a descendant of Jared Newton, an Englishman, who immigrated to Westmoreland county. Pa., in the 17th century. Thomas W. Newton was cashier of the Real Estate bank, clerk of Pulaski county, member of the state leg- islature in both houses, U.S. marshal and repre- sentative in the 29th congress. Robert C. Newton was educated in the Western Militarj' institute, Tyree Springs. Tenn., in the literary department of the University of Nashville, and studied math- ematics and languages under a private tutor. He was admitted to the bar in 1860, and practised in Little Rock. He entered the Confederate army as a private in 1861, was promoted lieutenant and assistant adjutant-general on the staff of Gen. Thomas C. Hindinan, and took part in the battles of W^oodsonville. Shiloh. Corinth. Prairie Grove, Helena, Little Rock. Jenkins's Ferry and minor engagements. He was regularly i)romoted, be- coming colonel of the ."ith Arkansas cavalry, and was acting brigadier-general in command of the

Arkansas state troops at the close of the war. He was a commissioner from Arkansas to the authori- ties at W^ashington in 1866 to secure representa- tion for the state in congress; was ai)pointed major-general of the state troops by Governor Baxter in 1873, and filled that position during the Brooks-Baxter controversy in 1874. Commodore Thomas Nelson, U.S.N., was his uncle, and his mother's sister, Ann Maria Allen, married Henry Crittenden and was the mother of Gov. Tliomas S. Crittenden (q.v.) of Missouri, and by a second marriage became the mother of Governor Eli Houston Murray (q.v.) of Utah. General Newton died at Little Rock. Ark., June 2, 1887.

NEWTON, Robert Safford, surgeon, was born in Gallipolis. Oido, Dec. 12, 1818. He was edu- cated first at Gallia college, and was graduated in medicine at the Universitj' of Kentucky in 1841. He practised in his native city four years, and then removed to Cincinnati, whei'e he acquired a high reputation as a physician and surgeon. He was professor of surgery in Mempliis university in 1849-51, and from 18.51 to 1862 filled the same chair in the Eclectic Medical Institute of Cincin- nati. He removed to New York in 1863. He had already assisted in organizing a National Eclectic ]Medical society, and he now organized a similar one for New York State, and in 1865 founded the Eclectic Medical college of the City of New Y*ork, of which he was president from 1875 till his death. He also occupied the professorship of surgerj'. For nearlj' fort}' years he made investigations in cell pathology, and he invented many improve- ments in surgery and several instruments. He made a special study of cancerous diseases. The circular operation for removal of the breast was first performed by him. Dr. Newton edited and published successively the Eclectic Medical Jour- nal and the Eclectic Medical Review. The latter, in 1874, was merged in the Medical Eclectic. He contributed to tiie United States Eclectic Dis- pensatory, edited Chapman on Ulcers (1853); Eclectic Pi-actice of Medicine (1854); Diseases of Children {\So4); Syme\s Surgery (ISm); ami Path- ology of Inflammation and Fever (1867); and was the author of A Treatise on Antiseptic Surgery (1876). His son, Robert Safford. born in 1855, fol- lowed the father's profession, was educated largely in Europe, and became professor of diseases of the eye, throat and skin in the New York Eclectic college, and edited medical periodicals. The elder Dr. Newton died in New Y^ork city. Oct. 9, 1881.

NEWTON, Thomas, representative, was born in Norfolk. Va. in 1769; son of Thomas and Martha (Tucker) Newton; grandson of Thomas and Amy (Hutchins) Newton, and of Robert Tucker, and a great grandson of George and Aphie (Wilson) Newton. George Newton was mayor of the borough of Norfolk, Va., in 1736