Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 08.djvu/354

 PIKE

PIKE

war he recruited a company of cavalry and was at- tacljed to Col. Charles May's re>;iinont of mounted volunteers at the battle of Buena Vista. In command of a company of forty-one men he rode from Siiltillo to Cliihuahua, Mex., receiving the surrender of the city of Mapimi on the way. He returned to his extensive law practice in 1849, and transferretl his ottice to New Orleans in 1853, returning to Arkansas in 1857. As attorney for the Clioctaw Indians he obtained the award of beginning of the civil war he was appointed Confeilerate commissioner to negotiate treaties of alliance with the Indians. He was appointed a brigadier-general. C.S.A., commanded the deivtrtment of the Indian Territory and organized brigades of Indians which he commanded at the battles of Pea Ridge and Elkhorn. In 18G6 he removed to Mempliis, Tenn., where he edited the ApjM'dl. 1867-68 ; and after 1868 he practised in Washington, D.C. He was grand commander of the supreme council of the thirty -third degree Ma.sons. and was also grand commander of the royal order of Scottish Rite Masons. He is the autlior of : Prose Sketches and Poems (1834) ; Jiejiorts of Cases in the Supreme Court of Arkan- sas (5 vols., 1840-45); Arkansas Form Book (1S45): XngfE, poems (1854), two other collec- tions of poems (1873 and 1882); Masonic Statutes and Regulations (1859); Morals and Dogma of Freemasonry (1870). He also wrote numerous M.tsonic rituals, and a reply to Pope Leo XIII's bull against Masonry. He died in Washington, D.C. April 2. 1891.
 * f>.9Sl.-J47 from the U.S. government. At the

PIKE, Austin Franklin, senator, was born at Hebron. X.II., Oct. 16, 1819; son of Uriah and Mary (Page) Pike. He attended Holmes academy, Plymouth ; studied law at Franklin, with George W. Xesmith, 1841—45 ; and practi-sed in partner- ship first with his preceptor, and later with Daniel Barnard, Isaac N. Blodgett. and Frank N. Parsons. He was married, in 1850, to Caroline White. He was a representative in the state legislature, 1850-52 ami l(S65-66, being speaker of the house, 186.5-66. He was a delegate to the Republican national convention of 1856; a mem- ber of the state senate, 1857-.58, and its president in 1858 ; chairman of the Republican state com- mittee, 18-58-60 ; a Republican representative in the 43rd congress, 1873-75, and U.S. senator, 188.3-86. The honorary degree of A.M. was conferred on him by Dartmouth in 1858. He died at Franklin. NML. Oct. 8, 1886.

PIKE, Frederick Augustus, representative, was born in Calais. Maine. Dec. 9, 1817. He was graduated at Bowdoin college in 1839; was ad- mitted to the bar in 1840, and practised at Calais. He was a representative in the state legislature eight terms, and a Republican representative in

the 37-40th congresses, 1861-69, .serving as chair- man of the naval committee for six years. He was again a representative in the state legisla- ture, 1870-71 ; and a member of the state consti- tutional convention in 1875. He was married in 1846 to Mary Hayden Green, author of Ida May (1854) ; Caste (1856) ; and Agnes (1858). Mr. Pike died in Calais, Maine, Dec. 2, 1886.

PIKE, James Shepherd, diplomatist, was born in Calais, Maine, Sept. 8, 1811. He attended the public schools, engaged in the mercantile busi- ness in 1826, and later devoted himself to journal- ism. He was Washington correspondent and associate editor of the New York Tribune, 1850- 60, and was a strong anti-slavery partisan. He was U.S. minister to the Netherlands, 1861-66 ; and supported Horace Greeley for the presidency in 1872. He bequeathed to the public library at Calais, Maine, $15,000, on condition that no book should be purchased until it had been published ten years. He is the author of : The Restoration of the Currency (1868) ; The Financial Crisis, its Evils and Tlieir Remedy (1867) ; Horace Greeley in 1872 (1873) ; The Prostrate State (1874) ; The New Puritan (1879) ; The First Blows of the Civil War (1879). He died in Calais, Me. , Nov. 29, 1882.

PIKE, Maria Louisa, naturalist, was born in England ; daughter of Benjamin Hadley, British Commissioner to South Africa. She was private secretary to her father for several years, and em- ployed much of her spare time in studj'ing and making sketches of the flora of South Africa. She went to the island of Mauritius in 1870 and became acquainted -with Nicholas Pike, U.S. consul, who was making a scientific research for natural history specimens for the Agassiz museum, Cambridge, Mass. She assisted him in the classification of over 800 species of fish, of which she made many colored sketches. She was married to Mr., Pike in 1875, and removed to America, whex'e she contributed frequently to the Scientific American, American Agricul- turist, and Ame7Hca7i Garden. She reproduced in colors a large collection of spiders made by her husband, and also made a nearly com]ilete set of pen-and-ink drawings of North American snakes. She was a member of the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences. She died in Brooklyn, N.Y., March 23. 1S92.

PIKE, Zebulon Montgomery, soldier, was born in Lamberton, N.J., Feb. 5, 1779; son of Maj. Zebulon Pike (1751-1834) of the patriot army. The Pike family resided in New Jersey for several generations, one ancestor, Capt. John Pike, acquiring his military title in Indian war- fare. Zebulon Pike removed with his parents to Bucks county, Pa., and later to Easton. He was ensign in his father's regiment on the western frontier, and was promoted lieutenant in the 1st