Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 08.djvu/282

 PENDLETON

PENICK

and Lucy (Nelson) Pendleton, and a descendant of Philip and Isabella (Hurt) Pendleton, who catne from Norwich. England, to Virginia in 1674, and of Thomas Nelson ("Scotch Tom") who came from Penrith. England, to Virginia in 1705. He was graduated from the LT.S. Military acad- emy and piomoted brevet 2d lieutenant and 2d lieutenant. 2d artillery, July 1, 1830. He was assistant professor of mathematics at the acad- emy, 1831-32; was transferred to the 4th artillery, Oct. 27, 1832: was in garrison at Fort Hamilton, N.Y., 1832-33. and resigned his commission in the army, Oct. 31, 1833, to accept the chair of mathe- , matics in Bristol col- lege. Penn. He was professor at Dela- ware college, New- ark, Del., 1837-38; was admitted to the diaconate of the P.E. churcli in 1837, and to the priesthood in 1838. In 1838 he es- tablished the Episco- pal high school at Alexandria, Va., and was its principal, 1838-44. He was in Baltimore, Md., 1844- 47; rector of All Saint's church, Frederick, Md., 1847-53; rector of Latimer parish, Lexington, 1853-61, and upon the outbreak of the civil war joined the Confederate army as captain of the Rockbridge artillery. He was promoted to the rank of colonel and ap- pointed chief of artillery to Gen. Joseph E. Johnston commanding the Army of the Shenan- doali.and served as such from July 21, 1^61. to the close of the war. He was commissioned brigadier- general in March, 1862, and commanded tiie re- serve artillery in the Maryland campaign and at Sliarpsburg, Sept. 15, 1862. At Gettysburg, July 1-3, 1863, he was commander-in-chief of all the artillery, consisting of the horse-artillery and of 15 battalions of four batteries each, and directed the Confederate artillery in the duel witii the Federal, preceding the charge of Pickett's divi- sion. At the surrender at Appomattox he was appointed with Generals Longstreet and Gordon to carry out the terms of surrender. In 1865 he returned to his parish at Lexington, Va., where he remained as rector until his death. He was a founder of Grace Memorial church, erected to the memory of Gen. Robert E. Lee. for which lie raised the money by delivering lectures on the •war throughout the South. His statements in re- gard to the failure of Longstreet to commence the attack on the morning of the second day of the battle, were accepted by President Davis, but

denied by General Longstreet, and led to an un- settled historical controversy. (See " Lee"s Riglit Wing at Gettysburg" by James Longstreet in " Battles and Leaders of the Civil War." Vol. Ill, pp. 339-56). The honorary degree of D.D. was conferred upon him by Kenyon college. Ohio, in 1857. He is the author of: Science, a Witness for the Bible (1860). He died in Lexing- ton, Va., Jan. 15. 1883.

PENFIELD, Edward, artist, was born in New York city. June 2, 1866; son of Josiah and Ellen (iloore) Penfield, and grandson of Henry L. Pen- field of Rye, N.Y. He studied at the Art Stud- ents' league, New York city, and in Europe, chiefly in England and Holland. In 1890 he be- came art director of Harpers' Magazine, Bazar, and Weekly, which position he resigned in Feb- ruary, 1901, to give his entire time to art. He became especially well known through his poster designs and magazine illustrations in color, and was the pioneer in America in the use of flat colors in posters. All the posters for Harpers' Magazine, 1893-99, were designed by him.

PENFIELD, Frederic Courtland, diplomat and author, was born in East Haddam, Conn., April 23, 1855; son of Daniel and Sophia (Young) Pen- field, and grandson of Zebulon Penfield of Pen- field Hill, Portland, Conn. He was graduated at Russeirs Military school. New Haven, Conn., in 1876 and studied later in Germany. He was a member of the editorial staff of the Hartford, Conn., Courant, 1880-85, and was by appointment of President Cleveland, U.S. vice-consul-general at London, 1885-89, and U.S. diplomatic agent and consul-general to Egypt, 1893-97. He was made a fellow of the Royal Geographical society, London, 1886; an officer of the French academy, 1898; was decorated with the order of the Palms Academique by the French government, and with the grand cross of the Order of Medjidieh by the Sultan of Turkey; was given the Grand Com- mander degree of the Order of Osmanieh by the Khedive of Egypt, 1897, and received many other foreign honors. He is the author of: Present- Day Egypt (1899), and numerous articles in the leading American and English magazines and reviews.

PENICK, Charles Clifton, third missionary bishop of Cape Palmas, and 117th in succession in the American episcopate, was born in Char- lotte county, Va., Dec. 9, 1843; son of Edwin Anderson and Mary (Hanmer) Penick, and grandson of Charles Penick and of Clifton Hamner. He attended Hampden Sidney college and the military institute at Danville, Va., and was graduateil from the Theological seminary at Alexandria, Va.. in 1869. He served throughout the civil war as quartermaster-sergeant in the 38th Virginia regiment, Pickett's division, C.S.A. He