Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 07.djvu/49

 LOVEJOY

LOVEJOY

moved to Zanesville, Ohio, in 1832, where he at- tended the academy three years and then en- gaged in civil engineering with Samuel Ryan Curtis (q.v.) in charge of government works on the Muskingum river, 1837-39. He studied law with his older brother, Thomas R. Love, at Fair- fax, Va., one year, and after completing his course with Judge Stilhvell at Zanesville he be- gan practice. He raised a company for service in the war with Mexico, and served as its captain, 1846-47. He removed to Keokuk, Iowa, in 1850, and served in the state senate as chairman of the judiciary committee, 1852-54. He was appointed judge of the U.S. district court of Iowa by Pres- ident Pierce, and served, 1855-91. In his thirty- five years on the bench but two of his decisions were reversed by the U.S. supreme court. He was married, first to M. P. Thomasson, of Louis- ville, Ky., and secondly in January, 1864, to Mary Milburn, of St. Louis, Mo., who survived him. He was professor of commercial law and the law of persons and personal rights in the State Uni- versity of Iowa, 1878-91, and was chancellor of the law department for three years. He con- tributed to the magazines, and liis lectures, A Re- view from a Laivyer's Standpoint of the Case of Shylock against Antonio and Portia as a Lawyer, were published in the American Law Review. He died in Keokuk, Iowa, July 2, 1891.

LOVEJOY, Elijah Parish, abolitionist, was born in Albion, Maine, Nov. 9, 1802 ; son of the Rev. Daniel and Elizabeth (Pattee) Lovejoy, and grandson of Francis Lovejoy, of Amherst, N.H., who settled in Albion, Maine, in 1790, and of Ebe- nezer and Mary (Stimson) Pattee, of Georgetown, Maine. He was prepared for college at the acad- emies at Monmouth and China, Maine, and was graduated from Waterville college in 1826. He was principal of China academy, 1826-27, and in 1827 removed to St. Louis, Mo., where he en- gaged in teaching. He was editor and publisher of the Times, a Whig newspaper, in St. Louis, 1828-32 ; attended Princeton Theological sem- inary, 1832-33, and was licensed to preach by the second presbytery of Philadelphia, April 18, 1833. He established, edited and published the St. Louis Observer, a religious paper, the first number of which appeared Nov. 22, 1833, and he also conducted religious services. He was married March 4, 1835, to Helen Ann French, of St. Charles, Mo. In 1834 he had formally announced himself an advocate of anti-slavery, and in 1835 began to use his paper as an anti-slavery organ. His editorials created much excitement in the city and throughout the state, and in October, 1835, he was requested by his subscribers to ab- stain from discussing the question in his paper. He replied " that the free communication of thoughts and opinions is one of the invaluable

rights of man, and that every person may freely speak, write and print on any subject— being re- sponsible for the abuse of that liberty,*' which sentiment became a clause in the constitution of the state of Missouri. The opposition in Missouri became greater, and he was requested to resign his editorship, wliich he did. He removed to Alton, 111., where he was elected moderator of the Alton presbytery. The office in St. Louis was entered before the outfit could be removed and much of the material destroyed. The print- ing-oflfice press was not damaged, and was at once sent to Alton, III., where it was destroyed by a mob and thrown into the river. The citi- zens of Alton, regretthig this act, furnished money to purchase a new press, and the Observer, with Mr. Lovejoy as editor, reappeared in the summer of 1836. The utterances of the paper

LOVEJOYS FRIAJTrAlC OFR<£. -ALTON, If.Ul/MOlS

against slavery being continued, on Aug. 21, 1837, a mob broke into the office and completely de- stroyed his press. Another was bought, and on September 21 of that year followed its predeces- sor to the bottom of the Mississippi. Mr. Lovejoy ordered a fourth press and resolved to fight the opposition to the end. A public meeting was called and he was urged to leave Alton. This he refused to do, and on Nov. 6, 1837, a new press arrived and was placed in the warehouse of God- frey, Gilman & Co., and a force of nineteen men, including Mr. Lovejoy, remained in the ware- house to protect the press. On the night of Nov. 7, 1837, a mob attacked the warehouse, and after the riot had apparently subsided Mr. Lovejoy opened the door and received five bullet wounds, from which he died almost instantly. A monu- ment to his memory was dedicated in Alton Nov. 8, 1897. He died in Alton, Nov. 7, 1837.

LOVEJOY, Owen, representative, was born in Albion, Maine, Jan. 6, 1811 ; son of the Rev. Dan- iel and Elizabeth (Pattee) Lovejoy. He worked on his father's farm, where he earned suflUcient money to pay his way through college, and en- tered Bowdoin with the cla.ss of 1834. He left be- fore graduating to study for orders in the Protes- tant Episcopal church, but on being required to refrain from taking sides on the question of siav-