Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 07.djvu/295

 MARTIN

MARTIN

general of the state and was made general-in- chief of the state forces with the rank of major- general. He raised 12,000 men after the quota of North Carolina had been filled and these troops went to Virginia when McClellan advanced upon Riclmiond. It was at his suggestion that block- ade-runners were employed to bring army sup- plies from Europe. He was commissioned briga- dier-general in the CJonfederate army in 1862, and with his brigade was ordered to Petersburg. He was ordered back to North Carolina, holding the position of adjutant-general, 1863-64, and surprised the Federal corps at Newport, N.C., in 1864. When Grant's army threatened Peters- burg and Riciimond, he assumed command of a brigade made up of the 17th, 42d and 66th N.C. regiments and was assigned to Whiting's division, Beauregard's army of defence, and proceeded to Drewry's Bluff, Va., May 15, 1864, fighting the battle of Port Walthall Junction on the 16th. After the siege of Petersburg he commanded the district of western North Carolina and south- western Virginia up to the close of the war. He practised law in Asheville, N.C, 1867-78, and died there, Oct. 4, 1878.

MARTIN, John, senator, was born in Wilson county, Tenn., Nov. 12, 1833 ; eldest son of Matt ani Mary (Penn) Martin ; grandson of Gen. John Martin of South Carolina, and a descendant of Abram and Elizabeth (Marshall) Martin of Caro- lina county, Va. Elizabeth Marshall was an aunt of Chief-Justice John Marshall, their fathers being brothers. In 1848, on the death of his father, who was a farmer, the entire support of a lar^fe family devolved upon him. He conducted the farm until 1851, was clerk in a country store and studied law, 1851-55 ; removed to Tecum.seh, Kan. Ter., in April, 1855; was assistant clerk of the house of representatives, 1855, and county clerk and register of deeds for Shawnee county, 1855-57 ; was admitted to the bar, Dec. 3, 1856 ; was postmaster of Tecumseh, 1857-58; first county attorney for Sliawnee county, 1858-59, and deputy U.S. attorney for Kansas Territory, 1859-61. He was married, Nov. 12, 1860, to Caro- line, daughter of C. B. Clements of Kansas. He was reporter of the supreme court, 1860, and comcnenced the practice of law at Topeka, Kan., in 1861. He represented Shawnee county in the state legislature, 1874-75 ; was defeated as the Democratic nominee for U.S. senator in 1876 by P. B. Plumb, and as governor of Kansas in 1876 by G. T. Anthony. He declined a second nomina- tion in 1882 and suggested the name of G. W. Glick, who was elected. He was judge of the 3d judicial district court, 188J3-85 ; was defeated as representative in the 50th congress in 1886 by Thomas Ryan, and as governor of Kansas in 1888 by L. U. Humphrey. On Jan. 24, 1893, he was

elected by the Democrats and Populists as U.S. senator to fill out tlie unexpired term of Senator Plumb, deceased, in place of Bishop W. Perkins, appointed by the governor, the term ex pi ting March 3, 1895. He was a member of the Demo- cratic state central committee, 1864-84, and its chairman, 1870-84.

MARTIN, John Alexander, governor of Kan- sas, was born in Brownsville, Pa., March 10, 1839. He was apprenticed to the printers' trade in the office of the Brownsville Clipjyer &nd became fore- man and local editor. He removed to Atchison, Kan., in 1857; became pro- prietor of the Squatter Sover- eign in 1858, changed its name to the Champion and soon made it one of the most powerful political organs of the state. He was secretary of the Wyandotte constitu- tional convention which framed the state constitution in 1859 ; was a dele- gate to and one of the secretaries of the first Republican state convention held in October, 1859,' and was elected state senator in Decem- ber, 1859. He was a delegate to the Republican national convention in 1860, and was postmaster of Atchison, 1861. He was lieutenant-colonel of the 8th Kansas infantry, attaclied to the army of the Cumberland ; provost marslial of Leaven- worth, Kan., for a short time ; was promoted colonel Nov. 1, 1862. and in Deceml>er, 1862, was appointed provost marshal of Nashville, Tenn., which office he held for six months. In the bat- tle of Chickamauga, Ga., upon the death of Col. Hans C. Heg, he succeeded to the command of the 3d brigade, 2d division, 20th army corps, and at Missionary Ridge he commanded the 8th Kan- sas volunteers in the 1st brigade, 3d division, 4th army corps, and in this engagement, without orders from the commanding general, his regi- ment took the works on top of the hill. He served through the Georgia campaign and was mustered out Nov. 17, 1864, and was bre vetted brigadier-general of volunteers for gallant and meritorious services during the war. He re- sumed the management of his newspaper, which he converted into a daily ; was elected mayor of Atchison in 1865 ; was a delegate to the Republi- can national conventions of 1868, 1872 and 1880 ; a member of the Republican national committee, 1868-84 ; of the U.S. centennial commission in 1876, and manager of the national soldiers' home, 1878-89. He was govei-nor of Kansas, 1885-88. and died in Atchi.son, Kan., Oct. 2. 1889.

MARTIN, Joshua Lanier, governor of Ala- bama, was born in Blount county, Tenn., Dec. 5, 1799. He was a descendant from Louis Mon- taigne, who fled from France in 1724 and settled