Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 07.djvu/289

 MARSHALL

MARSHALL

Indian war he was commissioned lieutenant in a Virginia company and joined the exi>edition to Fort Duquesne under General Braddock. He was detailed for garrison duty at Fort Necessity and consequently was not present at Braddock's defeat. He was agent of Lord Fairfax, and super- inteniled a portion of the Fairfax estate in the Northern Neck in 1754. He was married in 1754 to Mary Randolph, daughter of the Rev. James and Mary Ishani (Randolph) Keith of Fauquier county, Va. He removed to an estate of 350 acres purchased from the Lees on Goose Creek in 1765. Ho also became owner of "Three Oaks," an estate in Leeds parish, Fauquier county, in 1765 ; was high sheriff of the county in 1767, and a nlember of the house of burgesses. He was a member of the convention that declared the independence of Virginia, and in 1775 he recruited the Ciilpeper minute men and was commissioned major of Colonel Woodford's regiment, distin- guishing himself at the battle of Great Bridge, the first engagement on Virginia soil. He was promoted colonel of the 3d Virginia regiment, and at the battle of Brandy wine he maintained his position in the wood on the riglit until his ammunition was exhausted, his horse shot under him and half his oflflcers and one third of his command were killed or wounded. On re- turning to his division he found it had already retreated and that Generals Woodford and Lafayette had both been wounded. For his gallantry and good conduct in " saving the Pa- triot army from destruction," the house of bur- gesses voted him a sword. At the battle of Ger- mantown his regiment covered the retreat of the Continental army, and when General Mercer was killed he succeeded to the command. He was with Washington at Valley Forge and after joining the Army of the South in 1779, he sur- rendered with General Lincoln at Charleston, S.C., in 1780. He made a trip to Kentucky over the mountains on horseback during his parole, and located Iiis future estate, " Buckpond," near Versailles. Uix)n his exchange he rejoined his command and held it until the close of the war. In 1780 he was appointed surveyor-general of lands in the county of Kentucky, and when, Nov. 1, 1781, it was divided into Fayette, Lincoln and Jefferson counties he became surveyor of Fayette. In 1785 he returned to Virginia for his family and they settled at "Buckpond," where they resided until 1800, when he removed to the house of his son Thomas in Mason county. He was a a representative from Fayette county in the Vir- ginia legislature in 1787-88 ; was a delegate to the convention held at Danville, Ky., in 1787, and was appointed by President Washington collector of revenue for Kentucky. He died at VII - 18
 * • Federal Hill," Washington, Ky., June 23, 1802.

MARSHALL, Thomas, soldier, was born in Mason county, Ky., April 13, 1793; son of Capt. Thomas and Frances Maitland (Kennan) Mar- sliall, and grandson of Gen. Thomas and Mary Randolph (Keith) Marshall. He received a clas- sical education and began the study of law. In April, 1812, on account of an insult offered his father, he fought a duel with Charles S. Mitchell on the banks of the Ohio above Maysville in which he was severely wounded. He was a second lieutenant in the war of 1812. He was married about 1819 to Catherine Taylor of Vir- ginia, who died in Kentucky in 1820, and secondly, in Wa.shington, D.C., Nov. 6, 1821, to Juliana Winchester Whetcroft of Annapolis, Md. He became the owner of 3000 acres of land in Lewis county, Ky., where he lived, 1819-53. He was a representative in the state legislature in 1817, 1828 and from 1839 to 1844, and served for one session as speaker. He was commissioned by President Polk brigadier-general of volun teers at the outbreak of the war with Mexico. He xjommanded a brigade of Kentucky, volun- teers under Gen. John E. Wool and on account of a disagreement with that officer he was left at Rineonada Pass with only part of his brigade. Receiving orders to march to Buena Vista his brigade cut their way through the forces of General Minon, and his arrival discouraged the Mexicans who capitulated before his men could take part in the action. He was with Gen. W infield Scott in the march to Mexico city and during the last six months of the war he was military governor of Mexico. In conjunction with General Worth he preferred charges against General Scott which led to a court of inquiry. Soon after his return to Kentucky at the close of the war, his wife left him, and he was shot and killed by one of his tenants. He died on his plantation in Lewis county. Ky., March 28, 1853.

MARSHALL, Thomas Alexander, jurist, was born in Woodford county. Ky.. Jan. 15. 1794 ; son of Senator Humphrey and Mary (Marshall) Mar- shall. He was graduated from Yale in 1815, was admitted to the bar and practised in Frankfort, Ky. He was married Nov. 26. 1816, to Eliza Price, granddaughter of Col. Thomas Hart and a niece of Henry Clay. He removed to Paris, Ky., in 1819 ; was a representative in the state legisla- ture, 1837-28 ; a Whig representative in the 22d and 23d congresses, 1831-35 ; judge of the c^urt of appeals, 1835-36 : profes.sor of law in Pennsylvania university, 1836-49 ; a representa- tive in the state legislature, 1863-65, and chief justice of the court of appeals, 1866-67. The honorary degree of LL.D. was conferred on him by Yale in 1866. He is the author of Kentucky Reports (24 vols.). He retired from the bench in 1807 and died in Louisville, Ky., April 17, 1871.