Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 07.djvu/138

 Mcculloch

McCULLOUGH

a start, his resignation would be accepted. The work of reorganization was particularly difficult, as the large eastern banks distrusted the system and disliked to have their individuality absorbed in a national system. This objection was com- promised by allowing the banks to retain their former names, prefixing or adding the designa- tion ••national." In less than three years the national banking system was in full operation without disturbing the current business of the country. Upon the resignation of William P. Fessenden, Secretary Chase's successor, in March, 1865, Mr. McCuUoch was appointed by President Lincoln secretary of the treasury, and he was retained in President Johnson's cabinet. Secre- tary' McCuUoch raised the amount due 500,000 discharged soldiers and sailors in less than six months, and also converted $1,000,000,000 of short- time obligations into a funded debt in less than two years. He was opposed to legal-tender notes and advocated the return to specie payments and a steady reduction of the national debt, and his views were sustained by congress. He re- signed the office, March 4, 1869, and in 1870 he established in London a branch of the banking- house of Jay Cooke & Co. Upon the outbreak of the great panic of September, 1873, the Ameri- can firm failed. The London firm was carried through the panic and continued business for some time. He was a member of a syndicate organized in 1877 for the purpose of funding the debt of the southern states. During the admin- istration of President Arthur he. declined a posi- tion on the tariff commission, but in 1884, upon the resignation of Walter Q. Gresham, he suc- ceeded him as secretary of the treasury, serving until 1885. He was the only secretary of the treasury to hold office under three Presidents. He supported the tariff reform policy of President Cleveland in 1888. He spent his last days in Washington and at his country seat in Mary- land. Bowdoin college conferred upon him the honorary degree of A.M. in 1863 and that of LL.D. in 1889. He is the author of a series of letters written in London for the New York IVibune (1875), and Men and Measures of Half a Century (1882). His widow, Susan McCuUoch, daughter of Albon and Maria (Piatt) Man, was born in 1818, married in 1838, and died at Spar- kill, N.Y., July 25, 1898, at the residence of her daughter, Mrs. J. B. Yale. Secretary McCuUoch died at his country home, near Washington, D.C., May 24, 1895.

ricCULLOCH, Joseph Flavius, educator, was born in Guilford county, N.C., June 24, 1856; son of Joseph and Sarah (Julian) McCuUoch and grandson of Thomas and Rebecca (Dobson) Mc- CuUoch, and of Robert and (Brower)

Julian. He was graduated at Adrian college.

Mich., A. B., 1883, Ph. B., 1884, A.M., 1889; wa» instructor in Adrian college, 1883-84 ; Hopkina scholar at Johns Hopkins university, 1884-85; assistant professor of mathematics, Adrian col- lege, 1885-87 ; instructor in mathematics, Uni- versity of Michigan, 1887-88 ; acting professor of psychology and logic, Adrian college, 1888-89 ; fellow in mathematics, Clark university, Wor- cester, Mass., 1889-90; president of Adrian col- lege and professor of psychology, logic and his- tory of philosophy, 1890-93 ; pastor of the Meth- odist Protestant church, Fairmount, W. Va., 1893-94, and in 1894 became editor and publisher of Our Church Record, Greensboro, N.C. He was married in 1883 to Mary Elizabeth Barrow, of Blissfield, Mich. He is the author of " Math- ematical Theorems with Demonstrations," in An- nals of Mathematics, University of Virginia (1888).

Mcculloch, Phlllp Doddridge, representa- tive, was born in Murfreesboro, Tenn., June 23, 1851 ; son of Dr. Philip Doddridge and Lucy Vir- ginia (Burrus) McCuUoch ; grandson of Benja- min and Sarah Ann (Lytle) McCuUoch and of Lafayette and Eliza (Ready) Burrus, of Ruther- ford county, Tenn., and a descendant of Alexan- der McCuUoch, who emigrated from Scotland to the province of North Carolina sometime before- the Revolutionary war and settled near the old town of Halifax. He was councillor of the prov- ince and an ardent Whig during the Revolution- ary war. Philip D. McCuUoch removed with his parents to Trenton, Tenn., in 1854, and at- tenied Andrew college at that place. He was; admitted to the bar in August, 1872, and engaged in the practice of his profession. He removed to- Marianna, Ark., in February, 18T4 ; was elected prosecuting attorney of the 1st judicial district of Arkansas in September, 1878, and was re- elected for three successive terms. He was a Democratic presidential elector in 1888 and was a representative from Arkansas in the 53d-57th congresses, 1893-1903.

McCULLOUQH, Hiram, representative, was born in Cecil county, Md., Sept. 26, 1-813 ; son of Samuel and Mary (Hall) McCuUough.and grand- son of Samuel and Mary McCullough, who camo- from Scotland to New Castle, Del., in 1710. Ho attended Elkton academy, and was admitted to the bar in 1838. He served in the state sen- ate, 1845-51, and was one of the codifiers of the laws of Maryland during the winter of 1852-53. He was a Democratic representative from the first Maryland district in the 39th and 40th con- gresses, 1865-69. He was a delegate to the Dem- ocratic national convention that met in New York, July 4, 1868 ; a representative in the Mary- land legislature for several terms, and si)eaker in 1880. He died at Elkton, Md., March 4, 1885.