Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 06.djvu/56

 JACOB

JACOBI

Federal relations in 1861 sought abeyance of the rights of the government until the question of secession could be submitted to the people. The report in favor of remaining loyal to the govern- ment was drafted by him, submitted to the house and adopted Jan. 27, 1861, by a vote of forty-eight to forty-seven. This was follovved by Governor Magoffin's message ordering both armies to keep off the soil of Kentucky, and when Presi- dent Lincoln called for troops, Magoffin I'efused, and to save the state to the union Captain Jacob, w^ith the other ojiponents to secession in the leg- islature, endorsed the governor's position, and on May 24, 1861, voted, forty-eight to forty-seven, in favor of mediatorial neutrality. The legislature ordered an election for new members in Julj', 1861, resulting in seventy -six Union and twen- ty-four Secession representatives, with senators in equal proportion. Captain Jacob was re- elected by four hundred majority as a Coercion candidate. On the meeting of the legislature in September it demanded, by a vote of seventy-six to twenty-six in the house and twenty-five to nine in the senate, that the three Confederate armies within the boundaries of the state should withdraw unconditionally. This was followed by a set of resolutions offered by Representative Jacob, which claimed that the Federal army oc- cupied its own soil for purjDoses of defence in pur- suance of a constitutional right. The resolutions were adopted by both houses without a call of the ayes and nays. Captain Jacob was authorized by General Anderson to raise three regiments of infantry, but the purjwse was thwarted by Gov- ernor Magoffin's order of consolidation, and in June, 1862, Jacob proposed through the public press to be one of 2000 men to take their own horses and drive General Morgan beyond the state. On July 27, 1862, he obtained authority to raise the 12th Kentucky regiment of cavalry for twelve months' service, and in five days he had men enough for two full regiments. On Sept. 3, 1862, part of his regiment was in the battle at Rich- mond, Ky., under General Nelson, and on Octo- ber 1 marched with Buell from Louisville. On Oct. 3, 1862, with half his regiment, he encoun- tered Scott's brigade, and on October 6 drove them as well as Governor Haws's Secession gov- ernment out of Frankfort. He next encountered Gen. Kirby Smith, and barely escaped capture, becoming separated from his command, and res- cued, desperately wounded, by eleven men of the 14th Oliio regiment. While invalided at his home in Louisville, his wife died, and he returned to his regiment Jan. 14, 1863. He rescued his men from an overwhelming cavalry force of General Morgan, defeated him at Horse Shoe Bend, May 11, 1863, after pursuing him along the Cumber- land river to the crossing of the Ohio at Branden-

berg, and gave him chase through Indiana and Ohio, resulting in his capture near Salineville, July 26, 1863. On Sept. 9, 1863, he was mustered out of the service, eighteen days after his regi- ment had been discharged. He had been elected lieutenant-governor of Kentucky, March 19, 1863, and he served, 1863-64. In the Presidential elec- tion of 1864 he supported McClellan and Pendleton. He opposed the enlistment of negro troops as cal- culated to destroy Union sentiment in the border states and engender desertions from the Union army. When President Lincoln was re-elected in November, Colonel Jacob was arrested by order of General Burbridge and carried to Louisville and thence across the country into the enemy's lines, without being allowed to meet his accusers. He refused a high commission in the Confederate army, and on reaching Richmond he wrote Presi- dent Lincoln, forwarding the letter by George D. Prentice, and obtained from the President safe conduct through the Fedei'al lines to Washington, where he arrived Jan. 16, 1865. The President received him kindly, patiently listened to the story of his arrest and persecution by the military government of Kentucky, and directed him to re- turn to his home, and in a few weeks General Bur- bridge was superseded by General Palmer. Jacob was not received with favor by the military gov- erement, but maintained his right to free speech through liis personal courage and determination. On June 6, 1865, he was married to Laura, daughter of Dr. Wilson, of Lexington, and they had four sons and one daughter. She died Sept. 21, 1895. In 1867 he was defeated in the election for representative in the 40th congress by Asa P. Grover, the ex-Confederates having obtained con- trol of the state, and Colonel Jacob, having re- mained loyal to the government, obtained no political favors. In 1882 he was defeated by Col. J. H. McHenry for the clerkship of the court of appeals, although he received about 75,000 votes. He was park commissioner of Louisville, 1895-99; member of the G.A.R., and general commanding the Tennessee, Kentvicky and Indiana Union Vet- erans' ur.i ,n. In 1900 he prepared in MS. the story of the early struggles of the Union men of Kentucky to prevent the secession of the state.

JACOBI, Abraham, physician, was born at Hartum, Germany, May 6, 1830. He was edu- cated at the gymnasium of Minden and the uni- versities of Greifswald, 1847-48, Gottingen, 1848- 49, and Bonn, 1849-51, receiving the degree of M.D. from the last named in 1851. Becoming imbued with the Revolutionary ideas of the time he was imprisoned for treason, 1851-53. Upon his release he went to Manchester, England, and thence to New York, where he practised medicine. He was professor of the diseases of children in the New York Medical college, 1860-