Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 06.djvu/41

 JACKSON

JACKSON

representative in the Georgia state legislature in order tliat lie might more etfectuall}' disclose the Yazoo frauds that he had already exposed in the senate. In the legislature he fouglit the com- bined opposition, and caused the passage of the rescinding act ordering the infamous law to be burned, which dramatic proceeding was duly carried out. He was presidential elector in 1797 ; governor of Georgia, 1798-1801, and U.S. senator, 1801-06. Governor Jackson is credited with fighting two duels, in both of which he killed his antogonist. This is true as to Lieutenant-Gov- ernor Wells in 1780. He was an honorary mem- ber of the Georgia Society of the Cincinnati, and a trustee of the University of Georgia. He was married to Mary Charlotte, daughter of William Young, the patriot. His grandson, James Jack- son, became chief justice of the supreme court of Georgia. Governor Jackson died in Washington, D.C., March G. 1806.

JACKSON, James, physician, was born at Newburyport, Mass., Oct. 3, 1777; son of the Hon. Jonathan and Hannah (Tracy) Jackson, and grandson of Edward and Dorothy (Quincy) Jack- son and of Capt. Patrick Tracy. He was gradu- ated at Harvard col- lege, A.B., 1796; A.M., 1799. He taught a year at Lei- cester academy, and next became for a sliort time clerk for his father, who was a government official. He then studied medi- cine in Salem for two 3'ears and afterward in London, England, being at the time y / a "dresser" at St.

(jT^t^z^'t.'^ V^-Zi^i/t*^n^ Thomas's liospital. He returned to Bos- ton in 1800, and entered Harvard Medical school, receiving the degree of M.B. in 1803, and that of M.D. in 1809. He practised medicine in Boston. 1800-66. He was made a member of the Massachusetts Medical society, 1803, and was for a number of years its president. With Dr. John C. Watson he founded in 1810 the asylum for the insane at Somerville, and proposed the establish- meiit of what was afterward the Massachusetts General hospital, of which latter he was the first physician, 1812-3."), and was a founder of the Boston Athenfeum and of the Boston Medical and Surgical Journal. He was Hersey professor of the theory and practice of physics in Harvard Meilical school, 1812-36, and professor emeritus, 1836-67. He was an overseer of Harvard college. 1844-46 ; was president of the American Academy

of Arts and Sciences, a member of the American Philosophical society and honorary member of the Royal Chirurgical society, London, England. He is the author of : On the Brunonian System (1809); Renuirks on the Medical Effects of Denti- tion (1812) ; Eahxjjf on Dr. John Warren (1815) ; Sijllabusof Lectures (1810) ; Text-Bookof Lectures (182.'>-27); Memoir of James Jackson {XS'dA); Let- ters to a Young l^hysician (\>^~>'>), and numerous papersin the Boston Medical and Surgical Journal and in the Transactions of the state medical so- ciety. He died in Boston, Mass., Aug. 27, 1867.

JACKSON, James, jurist, was ])orn in Jeffer- son county, Ga., 0(-t. 18, 1.S20 : son of William H. and Mildred Lewis (Cobb) Jackson, and grandson of Governor James and Mary Charlotte (Y'oung) Jackson. He was graduated at the University of Georgia in 1837, and was ad- mitted to the Georgia bar at Athens, Ga., in 1839. He was elected clerk of the liouse of representa- tives in 1843, and state representative in 1845 and 1847. He was judge of the su- perior court, 1849-57, and a Democratic rep- resentative in the 35th and 36th congresses, 1857-61, remaining there till Georgia seceiled. He was judge of the military court of General " Stonewall " Jackson's corps in the Con- federate army, 1861-65, and after the war he practiced law at Macon, in partnership with the Hon. Howell Cobb. In 1875 he removed to Atlan- ta. He was associate justice of the supreme court of Georgia, 1875-79, and chief justice, 1879-87. He was a trustee of the University of Georgia, 1864-86 ; of Emory college ; of Weslej-an Female college, and of the JMedical College of Atlanta. He was a delegate to every conference of the Methodist Episcopal church after the admission of lay delegates, and was appointed a delegate to the Eciunenical conference, in London, but was prevented from attending. He advocated the union of the northern and southern Methodist churclies. He was married, in 1853, to Ada Mitchell, of Milledgeville, Ga., who died in 1867. In 1870 he married Mrs. Mary S. Schoolfield, of St. Louis, Mo., who survived him. One daugh- ter, Mary Lamar Jackson, became a contriljutor to j)eriodical literature under the pen-name of " Emel Jay." He received the lionorary degree of LL.D. from the University of Georgia in 1878. He died at Atlanta, Ga., Jan. 13, 1887.