Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 06.djvu/385

 LEA

LEA

commissary, with the rank of major, and became colonel of the 52d Tennessee regiment, serving until he was captured in 1865. In 1876 he was appointed by Governor Porter judge of the su- preme court of Tennessee, to take the place of Judge Freeman. He was attorney-general and reporter for the state of Tennessee, 1878-86, and during that time published sixteen volumes of reports. He was state senator, 1889-90, and president of the senate. In 1890 he was made judge of tlie state supreme court to fill the va- cancy caused by the death of W. C. Folkes, and in April, 1893, he was elected chief justice in place of Horace H. Lurton (q.v.) He died in Brownsville, Tetin.. :\Iarch 15, 1894,

LEA, Henry Charles, author, was born in Philadelphia, Pa., Sept. 19, 1825; son of Isaac and Frances Anne (Carey) Lea; grandson of James and Elizabeth (Gibson) Lea and of Mat- thew and Bridget (Flahavan) Carey, and a de- scendant of John Lea, of the Society of Friends, who came to America in 1700, and of Christopher Carey and Mary Sher- idan, of Dublin. He received a private education in Phila- delphia, and in 1843 entered the publish- ing house of Lea & Blanchard (founded by Matthew Carey in 1784), becoming a member of the firm on the retirement of his father in 1851, and head of the firm in 1865. He controlled the business alone until 1880, when he retired, and was succeeded by his sons, the house becoming known as Lea Brothers & Co. He was married, Maj- 27, 1850, to Anna Caroline, daughter of William Latta Jaudon, of Philadelphia. During the civil war he was an active member of the Union league and a bounty commissioner of Philadelphia under the enrollment act, 1863-65. He was an early sup- porter of civil service reform, and in 1871 he founded and was made president of the Citizens' I\Iunicipal Reform association of Philadelphia. He was made' a member of numerous import- ant scientific societies of America and Europe. He received the honorary degree of LL.D. from the University of Pennsylvania in 1868, from Harvard in 1890, and from Princeton in 1890. Between 1840-60 he wrote many articles on chem- istry and conchology, which appeared in various scientific journals. He is the author of : Sujjer- stition and Force : Essay on the Wager of Law^

the Wager of Battle, the Ordeal and the Torture (1866) ; An Historical Sketch of Sacerdotal Cel- ibacy in the ChHstian Church (1867) ; Studies in Church Histoi'y : The Rise of the Temporal Power, Benefit of Clergy, Excommunication and the Early Church and Slavery (1869); History of the Inquisition of the Middle Ages (3 vols., 1888- 89); Chapters from the Religious History of S^iain (1890); Formulary of the Papal Penitentiary in the Thirteenth Century (1892); History of Auricu- lar Confession and Indxdgences in the Latin Church (3 vols., 1896), and in 1901 was far ad- vanced on a History of the Spanish Inquisition, based for the most part on original documents. LEA, Isaac, naturalist, was born in "Wilming- ton, Del., March 4, 1792; son of James and Eliza- beth (Gibson) Lea ; grandson of James and Mar- garet (Marshall) Lea, and of Thomas and Chris- tina (Harlan) Gibson, and a descendant of ances- tors who came from Gloucestershire, England, in 1700, and were de- scribed as " a couple of noted and valued preachers." He at- tended the academy at Wilmington, Del., with a view of enter- ing the medical pro- fession, but in 1807 went to Philadelphia, Pa., and engaged in mercantile business with his brother John. In 1814, hav- ing volmiteered as a soldier, he was sus- pended from the Society of Friends, although his company was never called into service. In 1815 his firm was dis- solved, and in 1820 he entered the printing house of M. Carey & Sons, where he continued under the firm name of Carey & Lea, and subsequently Lea & Blanchard, until 1851, when he retired from business, his son taking his place. He was married in 1820 to Frances Anne, daughter of Matthew Carey. For many years he devoted his leisure time to science, in which he made a specialty of fresh water and land mollusks, and made known to science some two thousand new forms, recent and fossil. His collection of fresh- water, marine and land shells, minerals, fossils and geological specimens known as the Isaac Lea collection was given to the National museum in Washington, D.C., where a room is exclusively devoted to them. He became a member of the American Philosophical society in 1828, president of the Academy of Natural Sciences in Phila- delphia, Pa., 1853-58, and of the American Asso- ciation for the Advancement of Science in 1860,