Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 05.djvu/94

 HARDEE

HARDENBERGH

nessee, Dec. 2, 18G3, to succeed General Bragg, aud was in turn sm^ceeded by Lieut. -Gen. Leo- nidas Polk, Dec. 23, 1863, who was succeeded by Lieut. -Geu. Joseph E. Johnston, Dec. 27,

1863. Hardee resumed the command of the 2d corps and ably sustained his chief in the Atlanta campaign. His corps was made up of the divi- sions of Cheatham, Cleburne. Walker and Bate and the artillery commanded by Col. Melancthon Smith. His corps held tlie centre of the line of battle at Resaca, Ga., May 13, 1864, but he was obliged to abandon his position on the 14th when Sherman made his flank movement toward Calhoun, Ga., and on the 16th he abandoned that place, making a stand at Adairsville on the 17th and evacuating it the same night. The army then passed through Kingston, forming a line of battle at Cassville, where the progress of John- ston was disputed until Hood, who commanded the right wing, reported Hooker and Schofield beyond him to the east and on this information Johnston promptly fell back, extending his line along AUatoona creek with Hardee at Dallas and Hood at New Hope church. Hardee gave battle to McPlierson on the 28th when that officer undertook to withdraw from Dallas, and Johnston finding Sherman gaining on his right, formed a new line extending from Lost Mountain to Brush Mountain with Pine Top near the centre. June 4,

1864. On this line, while Hardee, Johnston and Polk were reconnoitring from the summit of Pine Top, June 14, General Polk was instantly killed and on the 16th the Confederate line was reformed beyond Mud Creek. When hard pressed Johnston drew back his left wing and fortified his line, extending now beyond the Dalton and Marietta road on the southern slope of the Kenesaw mountain. This line proved too strong for the Federal attack and they fell back and entrenched. In the meantime Johnston formed a new line of breastworks at Smyrna Camp and still another where the railroad crossed the Chattalioocliee. On July 3 the Federal army first discovered the Kene.saw line deserted and Johnston's army safely entrenched between Sherman's line and Atlanta, the objective point of botii commanders. On July 18 Johnston was relieved of the command of the army of Ten- nessee by Lieut. -Gen. J. B. Hood and Hardee continued under that commander, taking part in all the battles around Atlanta, and after its fall he was made commander of the department of South Carolina and prepared further to oppose the march of Slierman. He met Gens. G. W. Smith and Ricliard Taylor at Macon, Ga., Nov. 22. 1^^64, where they organized for the defence of Sivannah and Charleston. Leaving Taylor in command at Macon, he proceeded to Savannah and directed Smith with the Georgia state troops

to Augusta. Beauregard had been ordered from the west and reached Charleston, S.C., Decem- ber 7, and went to Savannah, Ga., December 9 to consult with Hardee. With considerable mil- itary skill Hardee escaped with his entire army from Savannah, Dec. 20, 1864, before that city was readied by Slierman, who had planned to effect his capture. Meanwhile Johnston had been restored to tiie command of the army of Ten- nessee with Gen. G. T. Beauregard second in command and Hardee commander of the 1st corps. Hardee withdrew the army from Charles- ton, Feb. 17, 1865, and concentrateil at Columbia to oppose the march of Sherman. He made his last stand at Bentonville, March 19, 1865, and he surrendered with his corps at Durham's Station, N.C., April 26, 1865. After the war he returned to his plantation in Alabama. He is the author of Hardee's Tactics (1856), which was adopted by the government in rifle and light infantry instruc- tion. He died at W^ytheville, Va., Nov. 6, 1873.

HARDENBERGH, Augustus A., representa- tive, was born in New Brunswick, N.J., Maj' 18, 1830; son of Cornelius Low and Ellen Mary (Crooke), and grandson of the Hon. Jacob Rutsen and Mary Margaret (Lowe) Hardenbergh. He was educated at Rutgers college and became con nected in 1846 with a banking office in New York city and in 1852 with the Hudson County bank as teller, in 1858 as cashier, and in 1878 was elected president, which office he filled up to the time of his death. He was a representative in the state legislature, 1854 ; a member of the com- mon council of Jersey City, 1857-63; state director of railroads, 1868-74 ; delegate to the Democratic national convention of 1874; president of the northern railroad of New Jersey, 1874-89; repre- sentative in the 44th, 45th and 47th congresses, 1875-79, and 1881-83; member of the state board of finance and taxation, 1883-89; trustee of the state reform school, 1884-89, and presidential elector, 1884. He was married Nov. 24, 1859, to Catharine, daugliter of Jacob and Harriet (Out- water) Van Home, and their son J. Warren Har- denbergh became cashier of tlie Hudson County national bank. President Hardenbergh died in Jersey City, N.J., Oct. 5. 1889.

HARDENBERGH, Cornelius Low, lawyer, was born in New Brunswick, N.J., July 4, 1790; son of the Hon. Jacob Rutsen and Mary Margaret (Lowe), and grandson of the Rev. Dr. Jacob Rutsen and Dina (Van Bergh) Frelinghuysen Hardenbergh. He was graduated at Queens (Rutgers) college. A.B. in 1809, A.M., 1812, and was admitted to the practice of law in 1812. He was professor of law in Rutgers college, 1821-25; trustee, 1815-60, and secretary 1821-25. He re- sided on a farm in the suburbs of New Brunswick, which became the college farm, a department of