Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 05.djvu/80

 HAMMOND

HAMPTON

resulted in tlie iinprovenient of tlie department and the inc-reased etiiciency of the lield, camp and permanent liospital service from a depart- ment sciircely able to provide for an army of 13,01)0 to one fully competent to handle an army of 1,000,000 men. He established the army medi- cal museum through a special order given by President Lincoln, and suggested the accumula lion and safe ke:?ping of medical and surgical records which resulted in the '" Medical and Sur- gical History of tiie Rebellion." Certain charges were preferred against him in 1864, of irregulari- ties in the asvard of liquor contracts, and the sec- retary of war caused him to be court-martialed and dismissed the service in August, 1864. Upon a review of the court-martial proceedings made by the President, by special act of congress in 1878, Dr. Hammond was restored to his place on the rolls of the army as surgeon-general and brigadier-general and lie was placed on the retired list. He practised medicine in New York city after 1864. making nervous diseases a specialty. He held the chair of diseases of the mind and nervous system created for him in Bellevue hos- pital medical college, 1867-73, and a similar chair in the University of the city of New York, medi- cal department, 1873-82. He was founder of the New Y'ork post-graduate medical school in 1882, lecturing before the school on nervous disorders, and was physician at the New Y'ork state hos- jjital for diseases of the nervous sj'stem, 1870-78. He subsequently removed to Washington and established a sanitarium. He was elected a mem- ber of the American philosophical society, Oct. 21, 1859. He was twice married: first in 1849 to Helen, daughter of Michael Nisbit of Philadel- phia, by whom he had five children ; and secondly to Esther Dyer Chapin of Providence, R.I. Among his published works are: Phyf^iolocjical Memoirs (1863) ; Military Ilyyiene (1863) ; Sleep and Its Xertous Derangements (1869) ; The Physics and Physiology of Spiritualism (1870) ; A Treatise on Diseases of the Xervous System (1871); Insanity in its Relations to Crime (1873); Ilypercemia (1878); Fasting Girls (1879); and novels: Robert Severne (1867); Lai (1884); Dr. Grattan (1884); Mr. Old- mixon (1885); A Strong Minded Woman (1886); Tales of Eccentric Life (1886) ; On the Susquehanna (1887) ; and The Son of Perdition (1898). He died at " Belcourt," Washington, D C, Jan. 5, 1900.

HAMMOND, William Gardiner, educator, was born in Newport, R.I., May 3, 1^29; son of William and Sarali Tillinglia.st (IBull) Hammond; grandson of William and Alice (Tillinghast) Hammond, and of the Hon. Henrj- and Mary Bull, and a descendant of Joseph Hammond (1690- 11776), who came to America in 1710, and settled 'in North Kingston. R.I. ; of Henry Bull, one of the nine founders of Newport, R.I., and governor

of Rhode Island, 1685-86, and 1690; and of Wil liam Gardiner and Pardon Tillinghast. William's father, a lawyer and surveyor of customs at New- port, personally supervised the education of his son, who was graduated from Amherst in 1849 with honor. He studied law with Samuel E. Johnson of Brooklyn, N.Y'., was admitted to the bar in 1851, formed a partnership with liis ])re- ceptor and practised in New Y'ork and Brooklyn until 1856, when he went abroad and .studied civil and comparative jurisi)rudence at Heidel- berg, 1856-57. On his return to the United States, he removed to Iowa, and in 1866 he was married to Juliet, daugliter of Dr. William Lewis Roberts. He continued his practice of the law, and in con- nection with Judges George G. Wright and Ches- ter C. Cole he started a private law school in Des Moines, Iowa. In 1868 the school was attached to the Iowa state university' and Mr. Hammond was made chancellor of the university law de- partment and university professor of law. In 1881 he resigned his position to become dean of the St. Louis law school. He was a prominent member of the American bar association and chairman of the committee on legal education in 1887. He received the honorary degree of LL.D. from the Iowa university in 1870, and from Am- herst in 1877. He is the author of: A Digt-ft q/ loica Reports (1866); Sandais' Institutes of Jus- tinian (1875), afterward published separately under the title System of Legal Classification of Hale and Blackstone in its Relation to the Civil Law ; Liebefs Hermeneutics (1890) ; and Blackstone's Commentaries (1890). He also contributed to lit- erary and scientific periodicals. He was the founder of the Western Jurist, its chief editor, 1867-70, and a member of a commission to revise and codify the statutes of the state of Iowa, 1870- 72. He died in St. Louis, Mo., April 12. 1894.

HAMPTON, Wade, soldier, was born in South Carolina in 1754. He was a partisan officer in the command of Marion and Sumter in the war for Independence, and after the war returned to his plantation and represented his state in the 4th congress, 1795-97, and in the 8th congress. 1803- 05. He was a presidential elector in 1801 voting for Thomas Jefferson and Charles C. Pinckney. In 1808 he joined the U.S. army; was commis- sioned colonel and in February, 1809, lie was pro- moted brigadier-general and was stationed at New Orleans, La. He was superseded by Gen. James Wilkinson in 1812, and commanded a force on the frontier of Canada, being made major- general, March 2, 1813. His force was defeated by Sir George Prevost, Oct. 26, 1813, at Chateau- guay, and by his unwillingness to serve under Wilkinson who had superseded him he defeated the purpose of that general to capture Montreal. He resigned his commission April 6, 1814, and